(2016) Science and education, 2-3, 44-49. Odessa.

Olha Tsarkova,
PhD (Candidate of Psychological Sciences), associate professor, Department of Psychology,
Olesia Prokofieva,
PhD (Candidate of Psychological Sciences), associate professor, Department of Psychology,
Olha Prokofieva,
senior lecturer, Department of Human and Animal Anatomy and Physiology,
Melitopol State Pedagogical University named after Bohdan Khmelnytskyi,
20, Lenina Str., Melitipol, Ukraine, 

THE STUDY OF EMOTIONAL BURNOUT IN STUDENTS-PSYCHOLOGISTS AND PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGISTS 

 The paper presents the results of the empirical study conducted with the aim of determining the level of emotional burnout among students-psychologists and professional psychologists. Harmful effect of emotional burnout syndrome on human health is described. The study has shown that 30% of professional psychologists demonstrated high level of emotional burnout and among 30% of them the level of emotional burnout was higher than average. As for studentspsychologists, 10% of them are characterized by high level of emotional burnout.

 emotional burnout syndrome, students-psychologists, professional psychologists, stress, emotional burnout symptoms.

1. Sydorov, P. Syndrom emotsiinoho vyhorannia [Emotional burnout syndrome]. Medychna hazeta – Medical journal, 43, 12-15 [in Ukrainian].
2. Makarova, H. A. Syndrom emotsiinoho vyhorannia [Emotional burnout syndrome]. Retrieved from: www.psyinst.ru/library.php?part=article&id=2 [in Ukrainian].
3. Ilin, Ye. P. (2005). Psikhofiziologiya sostoyaniy cheloveka [Psychophysiology of human states]. (pp. 233- 236). St. Petersburg: Piter [in Russian].
4. Orel, V. Ye. (2001). Fenomen «vyhorannia» u zakordonnii psykholohii: empirychni doslidzhennia i perspektyvy [The phenomenon of burnout in foreign psychology: empirical research and prospects]. Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal – Psychological journal, 1, 90-101 [in Ukrainian].
5. Arthur, N. M. (1990). The assessment of burnout: a review of three inventories useful for research and counseling. Journal of Counselling and Development. (Vols. 69). (pp. 186-189) [in English].
6. Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. M. (2005). Banishing burnout: six strategies for improving your relationship with work. Jossey-Bass, A Wiley Imprint [in English].
7. Maslach, C. M. (2003). Job burnout: new directions in research and intervention. Current Directions in Psychological Science. (Vols. 12). (pp. 189-192) [in English].
8. Maslach, C. M., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology. (Vols. 52). (pp. 397-422) [in English].
9. Vodopyanova, N. Ye., & Starchenkova, Ye. S. (2008). Sindrom vygoraniya: diagnostika i profilaktika [Burnout syndrome: diagnostics and preventive measures]. (pp.109-113). St. Petersburg: Piter [in Russian].

(2016) Science and education, 2-3, 50-55. Odessa.

Ihor Denysov,
PhD (Candidate of Psychological Sciences), associate professor,
Department of Psychology
Melitopol state pedagogical university named after Bogdan Khmelnitsky, scientific correspondent, Laboratory of
Psychology of Personality named after P. R. Chamati,
G. S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine.
20, Lenina Str., Melitopol, Ukraine  

CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF ADOLESCENTS’ PERSONALITY AS ASOCIAL BEHAVIOUR DETERMINANTS

 The article deals with the peculiarities of asocial behaviour as a kind of behaviour which contradicts the norms accepted by a society, is preconditioned by the complex of external and internal prerequisites and factors that determine the psychological characteristics of its formation and manifestation. It has been revealed that external prerequisites can affect a personality at the macro-level (social and economical problems, social values) and micro-level (mistakes of family and school education, values of referent groups). It is important to remember that deviant behaviour is characterized by the departure from the accepted norms, which can be both positive (for example, creative giftedness) and negative. Negative deviant behaviour can be divided into immoral (deeds which contradict moral standards), illegal (deeds contradict the legal rules), and criminal (when deeds contradict the norms of criminal laws). “Teaching” asocial behaviour takes place in the process of interaction with other individuals though the mastering of the techniques of asocial behaviour implementation; specific motivational orientation and justification of this kind of behaviour. The individual psychological prerequisites of asocial behaviour include peculiarities of self-consciousness, character accentuation, level of aggressiveness, features of axiological and meaningful spheres of a personality (the dominant life values). It has been proven that adolescents with asocial behaviour are characterized by a greater degree of manifestation of most character accentuations as distinct from those, whose behaviour meets social standards and who is characterized by just one of the accentuations – hypomania. It allows to state that character accentuations are an important factor of asocial behaviour and in its turn, adolescents’ awareness of their own characteristic features can be considered as a factor of preventative measures of asocial behaviour in adolescence. The further researches involve the development of complex programme of psychodiagnostics, prediction, psychological prophylaxis, as well as psychocorrection of asocial behaviour of adolescents.

 behavior, asocial behavior, asocial behavior determinants, adolescence, adolescent, adolescent’s personality, character, characteristic features of a personality.

 1. Aleksandrov, A. A. (1981). Tipologiya delinkventnogo povedeniya pri psihopatiyakh i aktsentuatsiyakh kharaktera [Typology of delinquent behaviour in case of psychopathy and character accentuations]. Narusheniya povedeniya u detey i podrostkov – Behaviour disorders in children and adolescents. (pp. 51-59). Moscow [in Russian].
2. Bіletskii, V. V. (2005). Doslіdzhennia penіtentsіarnoho psiholoha. Naukove vydannia [Investigations of penitentiary psychologist. Scientific edition]. Donetsk: Shіdnyi vydavnychyi dіm [in Ukrainian].
3. Boulbi, D. (2004). Sozdanie i razrushenie emotsionalnykh svyazey: monografiya [Creation and destruction of emotional bonds: monograph]. Moscow: Akademicheskiy proekt [in Russian].
4. Gilinskii, Ya. I. (2002). Institut semii v sisteme “deviantnost – sotsialnyi kontrol” [The institution of the family in the system “deviation – social control”]. Kriminologiya: vchera, segodnya, zavtra: Trudy SanktPeterburgskogo kriminologicheskogo kluba – Krimonology: yesterday, today, tomorrow: proceedings of Saint Petersburg criminological club, 1(2), 34-35. Saint Petersburg [in Russian].
5. Goshovskii, Ya. (2008). Resotsіalіzatsіia deprivovanoi osobistostі: monografіia – Realization of deprived personality: monograph. Drogobych: Kolo [in Ukrainian].
6. Denisov, І. G. (2009). Shylnіst do asotsіalnoi povedіnki v strukturі samosvіdomostі pіdlіtka [Proneness to asocial behaviour in the structure of adolescent’s selfconsciousness]. Nauka і osvіta. Proekt «Psiholohіia osobystostі: teorіia, dosvіd, praktyka» - Science and education, Project “Personality psychology: theory, experience, practice”, 8, 189-193. Odesa [in Ukrainian].
7. Lichko, A. E. (1983). Psikhopatii i aktsentuatsii kharaktera u podrostkov [Psycopathies and character accentuations in adolescents]. Leningrad: Meditsina [in Russian].
8. Maksimenko, S. D. (1998). Osnovy genetychnoi psykholohіi [Bases of genetic psychology]. Kyiv: Znannia [in Ukrainian].
9. Mendelevich, V. D. (2001). Psihologiya deviantnogo povedeniya: uchebnoe posobie [Psychology of deviant behaviour: tetxbook]. Moscow [in Russian].

(2016) Science and education, 2-3, 56-60. Odessa.

Olena Tyron,
post-graduate student, Department of Psychology,
Open International University of Human Development “Ukraine”,
senior lecturer of the ESP, Kyiv State Maritime Academy named after hetman Petro Konashevich- Sahaydachniy,
9, Frunze Str., Kyiv, Ukraine 

PSYCHOSOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SEA CREWS AS A BACKGROUND OF SEAFARERS’ FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMPETENCE FORMATION 

 The article gives the synthesis of existing scientific statements about socio-psychological peculiarities of life of international crews at the present stage of development of the international maritime industry. The level of training of specialists for maritime industry must meet not only the requirements of professional educational programs but the number of resolutions and requirements of international maritime organizations. It is well-known that crewing policy aims to search for cheap labor and as a result, most crews are mixed now, consisting of seven or more nationalities. In such circumstances, the ability to perceive and reproduce foreign content quickly and correctly is a factor which influences making the right decisions and ensure safety of navigation. The purpose of the article is to formulate sociopsychological characteristics of marine crews at the present stage of navigation development. We have formulated a set of provisions which determine the socio-psychological characteristics of international maritime crews, such as: 1. General specific laws of a maritime multinational crew: – communicative activity of marine crews is characterized by short contacts, which require the ability to establish friendly relationships beginning from the first days of the voyage; – intercultural interaction involves the ability to find favorable topics for conversation and to avoid those ones that may cause misunderstanding and lead to disputes and conflicts; – analysis of cognitive activity of a sailor in a multinational crew allows to assume the idea about the direction of sailors’ thinking towards risk prevention in their life and the navigation process. The following stages of formation of the crew as a social group have been determined: familiarization, discussion, normalization of relations and a stage of activities. Understanding the social and psychological characteristics of the crew at every stage of its development allows to correct seafarer’s behavior to maintain their mental health and to avoid conflict situations on board. 2. Socio-psychological characteristics of a member of the international crew as an individual: – individual psychological features of a seafarer in the international crew (the development of emotional intelligence, deprivation, the desire for self-learning and self-improvement); – the introduction of the concept of “intergenerational inter-rank communication”.

 marine crew as a social group, conditions of the life activity of a seafarer, the age structure of the international crew, the temporal characteristics of the voyage.

 1. Kahveci, E., Tony, L., Sampson, H. (2002). Transnational Seafarer Communities. Cardiff: Cardiff University. Retrieved from: http:// www. sirc. cf. ac. uk/6_Multinational_Crews.aspx [in English].
2. Konventsia mizhnarodnoi organizatsii pratsi 2006 roku pro pratsiu v morskomu sudnoplavstvi vid 23 lutoho 2006 r. [ILO Convention of 2006 on the Maritime Labour of February 23, 2006]. (2006). Retrieved from: http: // zakon. rada. gov. ua / cgi-bin / laws / main. cgi / [ in Ukrainian].
3. Istomina, O. (2006). Metodicheskie ukazaniya k razdelu “Psikhologia gruppy” kursa “Professionalnaia psikhologiia motiaka” [Methodical recommendations for section "Psychology of a Group", course "Professional Psychology of a sailor"]. Vladivostok [in Russian].
4. Istomina, O. (2007). Sotsialno-psikhologicheskie osobennosti morskih ekipazhei v usloviiah dlitelnyh reisov [Socio-psychological features of marine crews in the conditiongs of long-term voyages]. Transport rosiiskoi federatsii. Nauka –Transport of the Russian Federation. Science, 12, 41-43. Retrieved from: http://www.rostransport.com/transportrf/pdf/12/41-43.pdf [in Russian].
5. Ageev, V. S. (1990). Mezhgrupovoie vzaimodeistvie: sotsialno-psikhologicheskiie problemy [Interaction between groups: social and psychological problems] Moscow: Publishing House of Moscow [in Russian].
6. Stefanenko, T. G. (2006). Etnopsikhologiia: Praktikum: Uchebnoe posobye [Ethnopshycology: Work-book: manual]. Moscow: Aspekt Press. [in Russian].
7. Danchenko, S.A. (2007). Religioznaia napravlennost moryakov: uchebnoie posobie [Religious longing of seafarers]. Vladivostok: Mor. state. University Press [in Russian].
8. Yanchuk, M. N. (2003). Temporalnost subiektivnoi otsenki psikhicheskoho sostoiania lichnosti v osobyh usloviiah zhiznedeiatelnosti (na primere motiakov grazhdanskoho flota) [ Temporal features of subjective estimation of psychological state of an individual in the extreme conditions of life activity (on the example of seafarers of civil fleet]. Candidate’s thesis. Khabarovsk [in Russian].
9. Marine Accident Report 5/99. (1997). Report of the Inspector’s Inquiry into the loss of the m/v Green Lily on the 19 November 1997 off the East Coast of Bressay, Shetland Islands. London: MAIB [in English].

(2016) Science and education, 2-3, 61-67. Odessa.

Olha Sannikova,
Doctor of Psychology, professor,
head of the Department of General and Differential Psychology,
Tetiana Ulianova,
post-graduate student, Department of General and Differential Psychology,
South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky,
4, Fontanska Doroha Str., Odesa, Ukraine 

APPROBATION RESULTS OF THE TECHNIQUE “DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTICS OF PRONENESS TO CONFLICT”

The article deals with the essence of the concept of “proneness to conflict”, as well as with the structure model of proneness to conflict in terms of the continual and hierarchical personality structure. Proneness to conflict is considered as a personal property, reflecting the frequency of getting into interpersonal conflicts; the level of person’s readiness for the developing and resolving problematic situations of social interaction by means of a conflict; personal quality, determining the outbreak, dynamics and the final result of an interpersonal conflict. The set psycho-diagnostic techniques (“Express-diagnostics of subjective attitude towards conflicts”, “Express-diagnostics of indices of conflicts” and “Differential diagnostics of proneness to conflict”) aimed at studying different conflict characteristics, developed by the authors, is presented. The technique “Differential diagnostics of proneness to conflict” is focused on the diagnostics of the following components: psycho-physiological, emotional, cognitive, conative (behavioural) as well as control and regulative indices of proneness to conflict. The results of the approbation of the above mentioned technique and the factor analysis of indicators have been presented. The given technique has been tested for diagnostic value. Its validity has been proved. Besides, it has been found that the suggested set of methods and techniques can be used not only for scientific, but also practical goals helping to find the personal level of manifestation of proneness to conflict.

 proneness to conflict, qualitative indicators of proneness to conflict, factor structure, validity.

 1. Sannikova, O. P., Ulianova, T. Y. Psykhodiahnostyka konfliktnosti: Protsedura «Ekspres-diahnostyka pokaznykiv konfliktnosti (EDIKO)»; Metodyka «Ekspres-diahnostyka subiektyvnoho stavlennia do konfliktu» (EDISS); Metodyka «Dyferentsialna diahnostyka skhylnosti do konfliktnosti (DYDIKO 1 – samootsinnyi variant; DYDIKO 2 – ekspertnyi variant)» [Psychodiagnostic of proneness to conflicts: Procedure “Express-diagnostics of indices of proneness to conflicts”, Method “Expressdiagnostics of subjective attitude towards conflicts” and “Differentiated diagnostics of proneness to conflicts (DYDIKO 1 – self-assessment variant, DUDIKO 2 – expert variant)”]. Zaiavka # 64586 vid 14.12.2015 – Copyright application: December, 14, 2015; reiestrats. # 64061vid 12.02.2016 – Registration number # 64061, February, 12, 2016. – 69 s.
2. Anastazi, A., Urbina, S. (2001). Psikhologicheskoe testirovanie [Psychological testing]. Saint Petersburg: Piter [in Russian].
3. Antsupov, A. Ya., Shipilov, A. I. (2007). Konfliktologiya : uchebnik dlya vuzov [Conflict studies: textbook for university students]. 3rd ed. rev. Saint Petersburg: Piter [in Russian].
4. Bogdanov, E. N., Zazykin, B. G. (2004). Psikhologiya lichnosti v konflikte [Personal psychology in a conflict situation]. Saint Petersburg: Piter [in Russian].
5. Grishina, N. V. (2006). Psikhologiya konflikta [Psychology of conflict]. Saint Petersburg: Piter [in Russian].
6. Kashapov, M. M., Dobina N. I. (2011). Psikhologicheskaya struktura konfliktnosti studentov s raznym sotsiometricheskim statusom [Psychological structure of proneness to conflicts of students with different social status]. Vestnik Yaroslavskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. P. G. Demidova – Bulletin of Yaroslavl state university named after P. G. Demidov, 1, 98-103 [in Russian].
7. Kovalenko, B. V. (2000). Psikhologiya konflikta. Uchebnoe posobie [Psychology of conflict. Textbook]. Moscow: MOSU [in Russian].
8. Kolesov, D. V. (2005). Obshchestvennaya rol deleniya i problema konfliktov [Social role of division and the problem of conflicts]. Mir psikhologii – World of psychology, 2, 35-46 [in Russian].
9. Leonov, N. I. (1996). Individualnyy stil povedeniya v konfliktnoy situatsii – Personal behaviour style in a conflict situation. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Perm [in Russian].
10. Nasledov, A. D. (2005). SPSS kompyuternyy analiz dannykh v psikhologii i sotsialnykh naukakh [SPSS computer data analysis in psychology and social sciences]. Saint Petersburg: Piter [in Russian].
11. Nasledov, A. D. (2007). Matematicheskie metody psikhologicheskogo issledovaniya. Analiz i interpretatsiya dannykh: ucheb. posobie [Mathematical methods of psychological research. Analysis and interpretation of data: textbook]. 3 rd ed., rev. Saint Petersburg: Rech [in Russian].
12. Sannikova, O. P. (1995). Emotsionalnost v strukture lichnosti [Emotionality in the structure of a personality]. Odessa: Khors [in Russian].
13. Sannikova, O. P. (2010). Metakharakterystyky indyvidualnosti / O. P. Sannikova // Materialy II Vseukrainskoho konhresu, prysviacheno 110 richnytsi vid dnia narodzhennia H. S. Kostiuka (19-20 kvitnia 2010 roku). – T. I. – K.: DP «Informatsiino-analitychne ahentstvo», – S. 403-407.
14. Sannikova, O. P., Sannikova, A. O. (2014). Stsenichni bariery: dyferentsialno-psykholohichnyi pidkhid [Stage barriers: differential and psychological approach: monograph]. Odesa: VMV [in Ukrainian].
15. Sannikova, O. P. (2013). Bahatovymirna kontseptsiia osobystosti [Multidimensional concept of a personality]. Problemy suchasnoi psykholohii: zbirnyk naukovykh prats Instytutu psykholohii imeni H.S. Kostiuka NAPN Ukrainy ta Derzhavnoho vyshchoho navchalnoho zakladu “Zaporizkyi natsionalnyi universytet” – Issues of modern psychology: collection of scientific works of G. S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology, NAES of Ukraine, 1(3), 16-21. Maksymenko, S. D., Shevchenko, N. F., Tkalych, M. H. Zaporizhzhia: ZNU [in Ukrainian].
16. Sannikova, O. P. (2015). Continuality principle in the structure of personality characteristics. Science and Education a New Dimension. Pedagogy and Psychology, IІI(21), 43, 62-66. Budapest [in Ukrainian].
17. Sviridenko, I. H. (2007). Konfliktnost lichnosti s raznymi urovnyami zrelosti [Proneness to conflicts of a personality with different levels of maturity]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Ekaterinburg [in Russian].
18. Fetiskin, N. P., Kozlov, V. V., Manuylov, G. M. (2002). Sotsialno-psikhologicheskaya diagnostika razvitiya lichnosti i malykh grupp [Psychosocial diagnostics of the development of a personality and small groups]. Moscow: Izd-vo Inst-ta Psikhoterapii [in Russian].