(2016) Science and education, 11, 5-10. Odessa.

Yuriy Kravchenko,
research associate,
Fatima Bichekuieva,
PhD (Candidate of Medical Sciences), research associate,
Volodymyr Portnichenko,
PhD (Candidate of Medical Sciences),
Head of the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology of Extreme States,
International Centre for Astronomical, Medical and Ecological Research,
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
4, Bohomoltsia Str., Kyiv, Ukraine

ADAPTIVE CAPACITY OF CHILDREN LIVING IN MIDDLE ALTITUDE IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

Metabolism developing in the process of adaptation to hypoxia is characterized by the system of changes at the highest level of neuroendocrine regulation; for this reason, the investigation of sensorimotor activity of schoolchildren in the process of adaptation to the educational process and as a result of long-lasting adaptation to hypoxia is of current interest. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the psycho-physiological status of secondary school pupils in terms of the formation of adaptive reactions of the body to the educational process under the conditions of low (800 m) and middle altitude (2100 m). The higher nervous activity in secondary school pupils who live at the altitude of 800 m (control) and 2100 m (long-lasting adaptation to hypoxia) for a long time at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the educa￾tional process has been investigated. The level of lability and dynamism of basic nervous processes as well as latent time of simple and complex visual-motor response to photic stimulus on neurodynamic examinations device have been evaluated. The aim involved solving the following problems: to examine neurodynamic characteristics of pupils, to study the dynamics of sensorimotor characteristics of pupils in the process of adaptation to studies and to evaluate psy￾cho-physiological criteria of adaptation to the training process in pupils experiencing long-lasting hypoxia compared to the control. In the course of the training process, the decline of sensorimotor indicators under the conditions of both long-lasting adaption to the middle altitude and in low altitude has been observed. However, there were no significant differences in the adaptation to the educational process. It has been demonstrated that the most informative indicator for monitoring the state of the higher nervous activity in secondary school pupils is the level of nervous processes lability. The results obtained after analyzing visual-motor characteristics in schoolchildren provide more detailed information about the features of pupils’ brain functioning under the conditions of adaptation to hypoxia. Long-lasting adaptation to hypoxia in the middle altitude facilitates optimization of pupils’ adaptation to the educational process and retarded de￾velopment of fatigue processes in the brain cortex compared to the control. 

hypoxia, adaptation, middle altitude, higher nervous activity, fatigue, educational process.

1. Leonova, A. B., & Kuznetsova, A. S. (2009). Psikhologicheskie tekhnologii upravleniya sostoyaniem cheloveka [Psychological technologies of control over human condition]. Moscow: Smysl [in Russian].
2. Meyerson, F. Z. (1993). Adaptatsionnaya meditsi￾na: mekhanizmy i zashchitnye effekty adaptatsii [Adapta￾tion medicine: mechanisms and protective effect of adap￾tation]. Moscow: Hypoxia Medical LTD [in Russian].
3. Wojnar, J., Macarenco, N., Nawarecki, D., Men￾shyh, E., Petrenco Y., & Pustovalov, B. (2005). Physical development and individual-typological property peculi￾arities of the schoolchildren’s nervous system. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska – Yearbook of Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 8, 281-285. (Vols. LX) [in English].
4. Wojnar, J., Macarenco, N., Nawarecki, D., Men￾shyh, E., Petrenco Y., & Pustovalov, B. (2006). Sense￾motor reactivity and physical development of schoolchil￾dren. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska “Promocja zdrowia w hierarchii wartosci” – Yearbook of Maria Curie-Skłodowska University “Health-promotion in value hierarchy”, 8, 325-331. (Vols. LX) [in English].

(2016) Science and education, 8, 98-101. Odessa.

Iryna Kryventsova,
PhD (Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences), associate professor,
Head of the Department of Health, Fitness and Sports Fencing,
Sviatoslava Pashkevych,
PhD (Candidate of Medical Sciences), associate professor,
Department of Theory and Methods of Physical Education and
Health-Improving and Therapeutic Physical Culture,
H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University,
26, Alchevskykh Str., Kharkiv, Ukraine

EFFICIENCY OF PHYSICAL GAMES FOR SPEED PERFORMANCE OF 12-14-YEAR-OLD FENCERS

The review of recent research works has shown that the reasons for using specialized physical games aimed at ed￾ucating physical qualities in young fencers at the initial stage of athletic training are not substantiated enough. Moreo￾ver, the issues of the development of certain physical qualities (speed performance) in the process of training young fencers are understudied. For this reason, the aim of the paper is to estimate the efficiency of using specialized physical games aimed at speed performance improvement in training fencers aged 12-14 years. The formative experiment lasting for three months involved fencers from “Unifekht” sports club aged 12-14 years (10 of them were included in the study group (SG) and 10 – in the control one (CG)). In the study group, physical games were used in the training process while the control group was trained according to the standard programme. The efficiency was estimated according to the changes in the parameters of rapid response, evaluation of tactical skills and the rate of tactical learning. Within three months of implementing play method of speed performance development, positive increase in the indica￾tors of nervous system lability in fencers from the study group was observed (р <0.05). At the same time, the indicators of stress-resistance tended to reduce over time compared to the control group. The assessment of tactical skills and rate of tactical learning was the indicator influenced definitely by the method (р <0.05). Estimation of the efficiency of im￾plementing play method based on the dynamics of young fencers’ speed performance indicators has proven the effi￾ciency of the proposed method. 

fencers, role playing, speed performance, tapping test, tactical skills.

1. Busol, A., & Nykytenko, A., Nykytenko, A., Bu￾sol, V., & Shubert, V. (2009). Vzaiemozviazok pokaznykiv rozvytku shvydkisnykh i sylovykh yakostei fekhtuvalnykiv-pochatkivtsiv [Relationship of indicators of speed and power performance of fencers-beginners]. Moloda sportyvna nauka Ukrainy – Young sports science Ukraine, 1, 62–67 [in Ukrainian].
2. Kriventsova, I. V. (2010). Fizicheskaya podgo￾tovka fekhtovalschikov v vospitanii buduschikh peda￾gogov [Physical training of fencers in the education of future teachers]. Fyzycheskoe vospytanye studentov – Physical education of students, 1, 57-59 [in Ukrainian].
3. Turetskyi, B. V. (2007). Obucheniye fekhtovaniyu [Teaching fencing]. Moscow: Academic project [in Russian].
4. Borysiuk, Zbigniew, & Waskiewicz, Zbigniew (2008). Information Processes, Stimulation and Perceptu￾al Training in Fencing. Journal of Human Kinetics. Re￾trieved from: http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/hukin.2008.19.issue-- 1/v10078-008-0005-y/v10078-008-0005-y.xml [in Eng￾lish].
5. Rogers, Ed (2013). Advanced Fencing Tech￾niques: Discussions with Bert Bracewell. Retrieved from: http://www.crowood.com/ [in English].
6. Smith, J. (2003). Foil Fencing: the techniques and tactics of modern foil fencing. Summersdale Publish￾ers Ltd. [in English].

(2016) Science and education, 8, 102-106. Odessa.

Hanna Latina,
PhD (Candidate of Biological Sciences),
associate professor, Department of Biomedical Bases of Physical Culture,
Training and Research Institute of Physical Culture,
Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A. S. Makarenko,
93, Romenska Str., Sumy, Ukraine

EVALUATION OF PREVENTIVE ORIENTATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR OVERWEIGHT SCHOOLCHILDREN

One of the most common diseases among the population of Ukraine is obesity, which is confirmed by the World Health Organization that announced global epidemic of obesity at the beginning of the XXI century. Moreover, the investigations show that Ukrainian schoolchildren are characterized by poor functional adaptation to physical exercise with insufficient level of training and low level of heart functional capacity. For this very reason, the highest level of morbidity and chronic pathology is observed among schoolchildren and adolescents. One of the solutions to the prob￾lems in the Ukrainian children’s health state is implementation of preventive measures at schools. The aim of the paper is to determine the level of preventive orientation of physical education for 10-14-year-old children with obesity on the basis of integrated assessment. The integrated assessment procedure involved evaluation of three components: sports and fitness performance of a schoolchild, the state of his/her motion activity and physical development. The results were classified according to three levels: below 0.91 points the level of preventive orientation of physical education of overweight children was determined as low; 0.92 to 1.39 points indicated the average level and the level of above 1.4 points was considered as high. The study involved 280 schoolchildren aged 6-17 years studying at D. Turbin Sumy State Comprehensive School No.15. According to the research results, it has been concluded that physical development of the majority of schoolchildren is harmonious (54.6±2.4%, p<0.001); the rest of the children were characterized by disharmony in the form of underweight (33.8±2.3%) and overweight (11.5±1.5%). The age-dependent tendency to weight gain in children aged 10-14 years (in particular, boys) was observed, which is conditioned by the decrease of their motion activity (63.64±1.69%). Thus, despite the fact that schoolchildren’s motion activity out of school is insuffi￾cient, preventive orientation of physical education for overweight children aged 10-14 years corresponds to the average level (62.8±1.56%, p<0.001), which indicates the sufficient level of recreational activities at educational institutions. 

preventive physical education, obesity, physical activity, pupils.

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3. Nakaz Ministerstva okhorony zdorovia Ukrainy № 254 vid 27.04.2006. Pro zatverdzhennia protokoliv nadannia medychnoii dopomohy ditiam za spetsialnistiu «Dytiacha endokrynolohiia» [Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 254 dated 27.04.2006. On approving the proto￾cols of care delivery to children on the specialty «Children’s endocrinology»]. Retrieved from: http://faculty.health.- lviv.ua/files/N254iDitaiendokrinologiya.pdf [in Ukrainian].
4. Orzhekhovska, V. M. (2006). Pedahohika zdo￾rovoho sposobu zhyttia [Pedagogy of healthy lifestyle]. Problemy osvity – Issues of education, 48, 3-7. Kyiv: Instytut innovatsiinykh tekhnolohii i zmistu osvity [in Ukrainian].
5. Prykhodko, V. M. (2006). Preventyvna peda￾hohika [Preventive education]. Vykhovna robota v shkoli – Educational activities in schools, 3, 2-5 [in Ukrainian].
6. Niankovskyi, S. L., Yatsula, M. S., Chykailo, M. I., & Pasechniuk, I. V. (2012). Stan zdorovia shkoliariv v Ukraini [State of schoolchildren’s health in Ukraine]. Zdorovie rebenka – Child health, 5(40). Retrieved from: http://www.mif-ua.com/archive/article/32962#prettyPhoto [in Ukrainian].
7. Shadrin, S. A., Statova, A. V., & Pryvalova T. Ye. (2013). Ozhireniye u detey [Obesity in children]. Pediatriya ‒ Pediatrics, 4, 4-7 [in Ukrainian].
8. Kvitashvili, O. (Eds.). (2015). Shchorichna do￾povid pro stan zdorovia naselennia, sanitarno￾epidemichnu sytuatsiiu ta rezultaty diialnosti systemy okhorony zdorovia Ukrainy. 2014 rik [Annual report on the state of health, sanitary and epidemiological situation and the performance of the healthcare system of Ukraine. Year 2014]. Kyiv: MOZ Ukraine, DU “UISD MOZ Ukrainy” [in Ukrainian]..

(2016) Science and education, 8,107-112. Odessa.

Volodymyr Lyzohub,
Doctor of Biology, professor,
Leonid Nechyporenko,
PhD (Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences), associate professor,
Vitalii Pustovalov,
PhD (Candidate of Sciences in Physical Education and Sport), associate professor,
Viktoriia Suprunovych,
PhD (Candidate of Sciences in Physical Education and Sport), associate professor,
The Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy,
24, Dashkovycha Str., Cherkasy, Ukraine

SPECIALIZED TRAINING AND BIOENERGY STATE OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS WITH DIFFERENT TYPOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE HIGHER PARTS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

It is possible to improve the methods of control over footballers’ training process and play activity in case individ￾ually typological features of the higher parts of the nervous system are taken into account. Functional mobility, strength, balanced state of the nervous processes and indicators of sensorimotor reaction as genetically unchanged indicators may determine the effectiveness of football players training. The aim of the research is to find out, what individually typo￾logical features of the higher parts of the central nervous system are genetically fixed, and establish their connection with the indicators of special preparedness and bioenergy of football players. Neurodynamic indicators of 26 profes￾sional football players were determined with the use of computing device “Diagnost-1M”, and bioenergy state – using instant diagnosis of the functional state and reserve capacity of the body “D&K-Test”. Research results as well as expert analysis of footballers’ play activity have shown that the indicators of their bioenergetic metabolism, physical and tech￾nical preparedness are based on genetically determined properties – functional mobility of the nervous processes (FMNP). Football players with above average level of FMNP are characterized by the best performance of energy sup￾ply systems, physical, technical and play activity compared to the players with average and below average levels of individually typological features of the CNS. As for the bioenergy indicators (anaerobic metabolism threshold), physi￾cal and technical preparedness, significant differences were observed between the players with above and below aver￾age level of FMNP. Expert analysis of football players’ play activity in groups with different levels of FMNP showed that better performance was demonstrated by the players with the above average level of FPNP. The data obtained has prognostic validity and can be used in the process of youth players’ selection and optimization of sports training of professional footballers.

functional mobility of the nervous processes; bioenergy metabolism; physical, technical preparedness; expert analysis of play activity.

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