(2016) Science and education, 11, 5-10. Odessa.

Yuriy Kravchenko,
research associate,
Fatima Bichekuieva,
PhD (Candidate of Medical Sciences), research associate,
Volodymyr Portnichenko,
PhD (Candidate of Medical Sciences),
Head of the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology of Extreme States,
International Centre for Astronomical, Medical and Ecological Research,
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
4, Bohomoltsia Str., Kyiv, Ukraine

ADAPTIVE CAPACITY OF CHILDREN LIVING IN MIDDLE ALTITUDE IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

Metabolism developing in the process of adaptation to hypoxia is characterized by the system of changes at the highest level of neuroendocrine regulation; for this reason, the investigation of sensorimotor activity of schoolchildren in the process of adaptation to the educational process and as a result of long-lasting adaptation to hypoxia is of current interest. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the psycho-physiological status of secondary school pupils in terms of the formation of adaptive reactions of the body to the educational process under the conditions of low (800 m) and middle altitude (2100 m). The higher nervous activity in secondary school pupils who live at the altitude of 800 m (control) and 2100 m (long-lasting adaptation to hypoxia) for a long time at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the educa￾tional process has been investigated. The level of lability and dynamism of basic nervous processes as well as latent time of simple and complex visual-motor response to photic stimulus on neurodynamic examinations device have been evaluated. The aim involved solving the following problems: to examine neurodynamic characteristics of pupils, to study the dynamics of sensorimotor characteristics of pupils in the process of adaptation to studies and to evaluate psy￾cho-physiological criteria of adaptation to the training process in pupils experiencing long-lasting hypoxia compared to the control. In the course of the training process, the decline of sensorimotor indicators under the conditions of both long-lasting adaption to the middle altitude and in low altitude has been observed. However, there were no significant differences in the adaptation to the educational process. It has been demonstrated that the most informative indicator for monitoring the state of the higher nervous activity in secondary school pupils is the level of nervous processes lability. The results obtained after analyzing visual-motor characteristics in schoolchildren provide more detailed information about the features of pupils’ brain functioning under the conditions of adaptation to hypoxia. Long-lasting adaptation to hypoxia in the middle altitude facilitates optimization of pupils’ adaptation to the educational process and retarded de￾velopment of fatigue processes in the brain cortex compared to the control. 

hypoxia, adaptation, middle altitude, higher nervous activity, fatigue, educational process.

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