(2016) Science and education, 4, 5-10. Odessa.

Natalia Bachinska,

PhD in Physical Education and Sports (Candidate of Sciences), Associate Professor of Physical Education and
Sports Department, Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University,
72, Prospect Haharina, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine

HISTORY, CHARACTERISTICS, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF SPORTS ACROBATICS DEVELOPMENT IN DNIPROPETROVSK REGION AND UKRAINE

 Problems and prospects of the development of sports acrobatics in Ukraine and Dnepropetrovsk region are given little attention. For decades, the Ukrainian school of acrobatics has been one of the leading among other acrobatic schools of different countries, but still there is a close competition with such countries as Germany, UK, USA, France, Canada, and Russia. In connection with the foregoing, we can say that the questions that reveal the prospects for the development of sports acrobatics in the Dnipropetrovsk region and Ukraine are relevant and important in the theory and methodology of training athletes. This, in our opinion, can provide achieving good sport results by our domestic acrobats in future years. The article analyzes the features of the historical development of acrobatics; its brief description is provided as an integral part of physical education and sports. The classification of pair-group types of acrobatics is presented. The author determines the current state and prospects of the development of acrobatics in the Dnipropetrovsk region and Ukraine. Sports acrobatics’ training program provides a wide variety of physical exercises and has a great flexibility in the organization of team work. Sports acrobatics provides individualization of physical development in the system of mass physical education, it is therefore one of the most popular kind of sports among youth. Acrobatics has reached a high point of its development: dynamism and beauty of exercises have been increased; the program of competitions has become more complicated. That is why some of the theoretical and methodological approaches to the process of acrobats training require a significant adjustment. According to the analysis of scientific and methodical literature, it is obvious that not all kinds of sports in training athletes are well-equipped with advanced technologies. The program of developing a long-term training process in sports acrobatics is relevant as well. The further research is planned to be carried out in the direction of studying the characteristics of constructing the structure of long-term training in sports acrobatics at the present stage.

 acrobatics, history, rules, development prospects

 1. Bachinskaya, N.V. (2006). Planuvannia trenuvalnykh navantazhen v peredzmahalnomu mezotsykli dlia akrobatychnykh par z urakhuvanniam biolohichnykh osoblyvostei zhinochoho orhanizmu [Planning the training loads in the precompetitive mesocycle for acrobatic pairs taking into account the biological characteristics of the female body]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
2. Boloban, V.N. (1988). Sportivnaya akrobatika [Sport Acrobatics]. Kyiv: Vyshcha shk. Hlavnoe іzd-vo [in Russian].
3. Solemn, Y.M., Tereshchenko, I.A., Prokopuk, S. P. & Levchuk, T. M. (2010). Himnastychna terminolohiia [Gymnastica terminology]. Kyiv: Olimp. Literature [in Ukrainian].
4. Malinowski, S.K. (2003). Metodika sovershenstvovaniya spetsialnoy fizicheskoy podgotovki akrobatov na etape nachalnoy sportivnoy specializatsii [Methodology of improving special physical training of acrobats in primary sports specialization]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Khabarovsk. [in Russian].
5. Piluk, N.N. (2003). Postroenie i realizatsiya sistemy sorevnovatelnoy deyatelnosti akrobatov vysokoy kvalifikatsii [The design and implementation of a system of high qualification acrobats’ competitive activity]. Doctor’s thesis. Moscow: RGB. [in Russian].
6. Reshetin, A.А. (2009). Metodika obucheniya broskovym uprazhneniyam v parnoy akrobatike na etape nachalnoy specializirovannoy podgotovki [Methods of teaching throwing exercises in balancing in primary specialized training]. Candidate’s thesis. Volgograd [in Russian].
7. Istoriya uspekhov ukrainskoy akrobatiki na mezhdunarodnoy arene [The success story of the Ukrainian acrobatics in the international arena]. Retrieved from: http://www. forum.xsport.ua [in Russian].
8. Anons 24-go Chempionata mira po sportivnoy akrobatike 2014 [The announcement of the 24th world Championship sports acrobatics 2014]. Retrieved from: http://www. sportacrobatics.com [in Russian].

(2015) Science and education, 4, 118-124. Odessa.

Vasyl Mazin,
PhD (Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences), Associate Professor,
Doctoral Student, Taras Shevchenko National University of Luhansk ,
1, Ploscha Hoholia, Sratobilsk, Ukraine  

SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF CHILD AND YOUTH SPORTS 

 The article characterizes the key functions of child and youth sports. As a result of heuristic analysis of more than 100 scientific sources concerning the issues of education of children and adolescents, the author has justified the position that the key social function of child and youth sports can be divided into three groups. In particular, the basis for the allocation of the key functions of child and youth sport can be either their correlation with a personality (as a person is considered in terms of his/her social relations) or society (as people live in a certain area and have a common culture), or with a state (both organizational and government institutions designed to ensure the preservation and development of the society). The first group includes the following: motor-compensatory function, actually existential function, mediated existential function. The second group consists of the following functions: the Olympic function, professionally applied function, health saving function and educational function. The third group includes the function to maintain hegemony. The author notes that child and youth sports indirectly perform sovereign and consolidating functions. A brief description of these functions is presented basing on the analysis of the modern publications. In the system of social functions of child and youth sports special attention is paid to the educational function, which means the formation youth’s ideas, appropriate regulatory programs, ideal behavior, as well as the traditions of social action and interaction developed in the course of civilization. The analysis of the educational function of child and youth sports in the context of educational policy is considered as a promising direction for the further research.

 functions, child and youth sports, personality, society, state.

 1. Belorusova, V. V. (1974). Vospitanie v sporte [Education in Sport]. Мoscow: Fizkultura i sport [in Russian].
2. Ilin, V.I. (1998). Igra kak sotsialnoe povedenie [Game as a social behavior]. Rubezh – Frontier, 12, 218-239 [in Russian].
3. Kosevich, E. & Stolyarova, V.I. (1997). Rozhdenie Kubertenovskoy mysli [Birth of Kubertenovskoy thought]. Sport, dukhovnyie tsennosti, kultura – Sports, spiritual values, culture, 1, 31-38 [in Russian].
4. Lester, D. (2001). Teoriya gegemonii Antonio Gramshi i ego sovremennoe zvuchanie [The theory of hegemony Antonio Gramsci and its contemporary sounding]. Politnauka. Politologiya v Rossii i mire – Political science. Politics in Russia and the world. Retrieved from: http://www.politnauka.org/library/classic/leyster.php [in Russian].
5. Lubyisheva, L. I. Sotsiologiya fizicheskoy kultury i sporta [Sociology of physical culture and sports]. Мoscow: «Akademiya» [in Russian].
6. Lukashchuk, V. I. Konsolіduiucha funktsіia sportu u suchasnomu suspіlstvі [Unifying function of sport in modern society]. Visnyk Kharkivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni V.N.Karazina. – Journal of Kharkov National University V.N.Karazin, 844, 235-240 [in Ukrainian].
7. Mazin, V.M. & Roters T.T. (2012). Postanovka problemy organіzatsii vyhovnoho protsesu u ditiachoyunatskykh sportyvnykh shkolakh [Problem of the educational process in Sports schools]. Pedahohika formuvannya tvorchoyi osobystosti u vyshchiy ta zahalnoosvitniy shkoli – Pedagogy forming a creative personality in higher and secondary schools, 2 (69), 294-302 [in Ukrainian].
8. Nikolaev, Yu.M. (1998). Teoretikometodologicheskie osnovy fizicheskoy kultury [Theoretical and methodological Fundamentals of physical culture]. Doctor’s thesis. Saint Petersburg [in Russian].
9. Nuzhdyonov, K.E. (2012). Sport kak instrument politicheskogo vozdeistviya na sovremennoe obshhestvo [Sports as the political tools of impact on Modern Society]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Мoscow [in Russian].
10. Ryibalov, Yu.V., Ryibalova S.I., Rudin M.V. (2013). Osnovy sportivnoy trenirovki [Fundamentals of sports training]. Surazh, GBOU SPO «Surazhskiy pedagogicheskiy kolledzh imeni A.S. Pushkina» [in Russian].
11. Ponomarev, N.I. (1974). Sotsialnye funktsii fizicheskoy kultury i sporta [Social functions of physical culture and sports]. Moscow: Fizkultura i sport [in Russian].
12. Sidorov, A.A., Ivanyuzhenkov, B.V., Karelin, A.A., Nelyubin, B.V. (2000). Pedagogika sporta [Sport Pedagogy]. Мoscow: Drofa [in Russian].
13. Gritsanov, A.A., Abushenko, V.L., Evelkin, G.M., Sokolova, G.N. etc. (2003). Sociologiya [Sociology]. Mn.: Knizhnyiy Dom [in Russian].
14. Stolyarov, V.I. & Kudryavtseva, N. V. (1997). Fizkulturno-sportivnaya rabota s naseleniem na poroge XXI stoletiya: problemy i puti ikh resheniya [Sport activity with population of the XXI century: problems and solutions]. Sport, duhovnyie tsennosti, kultura – Sports, spiritual values, culture, 9, 94-216 [in Russian].
15. Stolyarov, V.I. (2010). Filosofiya nauki: metodicheskie materialy dlya aspirantov. – Ch. IV.: Vvedenie v filosofiyu fizicheskoy kultury i sporta (prodolzhenie) [Philosophy of science: teaching materials for post-graduate students. – Part IV .: Introduction to the Philosophy of Physical Education and Sport (continued)]. Мoscow: Fizicheskaya kultura [in Russian].
16. Sutula, V.A. Kirienko V.A., Zhadan A.B., Ivakin T.A. (2000). Fizicheskaya kultura: istoricheskie predposylki vozniknoveniya sovremennogo sporta [Physical education: the historical background of the emergence of modern sport]. S.S. Ermakova (Eds.). Fizicheskoe vospitanie studentov tvorcheskikh spetsialnostey – Physical training of students of creative disciplines (Vols. 23), (pp. 34-38). Kharkov: HHPI [in Russian].
17. Tihonova, N.V. (2014). Znachimost detskoyunosheskogo i rezervnogo sporta v Ukraine dlya vospitaniya podrastayushhego pokoleniya [The importance of youth and reserve sport in Ukraine for the education of the younger generation]. Pedagogika, psihologiya i mediko-biologicheskie problemy fizicheskogo vospitaniya i sporta – Pedagogy, psychology, methodical and biological problems of physical education and sports, 9, 60-64 [in Russian].
18. Tolstykh, A.V. (1999). Odinokaya tolpa [lonely Crowd]. Vozrastnaya i pedagogicheskaya psihologiya – Developmental and pedagogical psychology. Dubrovina I.V., Prihozhan A.M., Zatsepin V.V. (Eds.). Мoscow: Izdatelskiy tsentr «Akademiya» [in Russian].
19. Kolodov, Zh.K. & Kuznetsov, V.S. (2008). Teoriya i metodika fizicheskogo vospitaniya i sporta [Theory and methods of physical education and sport]. Мoscow: Akademiya [in Russian].
20. Shaboltas, A.V. (1998). Motivy zanyatiya sportom vysshikh dostizheniy v yunosheskom vozraste [Motives of sports of the highest achievements in adolescence]. Canidate’s thesis. Saint Petersburg [in Russian].
21. Cawelti, J. G. (1968). Apostles of the self-made man. Chicago: University of Chicago Press [in English].
22. Heer, W. (1975). Youth and sport now. International Journal of Physical Education, 12 (3), 17-22 [in English].
23. Haag, H. (1954). Sportpedagogy: Content and Methodology. International Series on Sport Sciences, 4. Baltimore – London – Tokyo [in English].
24. Wyllie, I. G. (1954). The self-made man in America: the myth of rags to riches. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press [in English].

(2015) Science and education, 4, 124-129. Odessa.

AndriI Mandiuk,
PhD in Physical Education and Sports (Candidate of Sciences), Senior Lecturer,
Lviv State University of Physical Culture,
11, Kostiuka Str., Lviv, Ukraine  

ORGANIZATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION PROCESS AT SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS (CASE STUDY OF SCHOOLS IN LVIV REGION) 

 This article analyzes the factors, which show the specificity of physical education process at secondary schools in rural and urban areas. The research has been conducted in order to determine peculiarities of adaptation of physical education process to the changes in program and normative requirements for physical education in Ukraine. New physical education program provides a number of changes and innovations, which are intended to ensure the increase of efficiency in physical education process. Primarily, peculiarities of application of so-called variable modules, which are offered in the current programs, are determined in the research. Variable modules provide the study of some types of physical activity during physical educational lessons and require an appropriate material, technical and staffing support. One of the tasks of the research was the establishment of common and distinctive peculiarities in the selection and study of variable modules at schools in rural and urban areas. This article presents data on the variable modules most commonly used in the practice of physical education at relevant schools. Also it provides the data obtained from a survey of teachers of Physical Education on the main reasons, which, according to some experts, influence the choice of a particular type of physical activity for further study in Physical Education lessons. It is established, that a number of variable modules are rarely or are never used in physical education process at secondary schools. In the course of the research, peculiarities of organization and conducting extracurricular activities of physical education at secondary schools in rural and urban areas have been studied. Organizational forms of physical education, which are most commonly used in extracurricular activities, are defined. Besides, the author has established the percentage of schools, where extracurricular activities of physical education are regularly held. The article shows a comparative analysis of the prevalence of extracurricular forms of physical education with other types of extracurricular activities that are held at secondary schools. This research presents the main reasons that affect the organization and the carrying out of extracurricular forms of physical education at secondary schools in rural and urban areas.

 school, physical education, educational program, rural area, urban area.

 1. Hordiichuk, V.I. (2010). Stavlennia silskykh ta miskykh uchniv serednikh ta starshykh klasiv do zaniat fizychnymy vpravamy [Secondary and high school aged pupils’ attitudes towards physical education lesson in rural and urban areas]. Slobozhanskyi naukovo-sportyvnyi visnyk - Slobozhanskyi Newsletter ofsciense and sport, 3, 36–40 [in Ukrainian].
2. Hordiichuk, V.I. (2014). Optymizatsiia fizychnoho stanu silskykh shkoliariv u protsesi fakultatyvnykh zaniat z fizychnoi kultury [Optimization of the rural pupils’ physical condition during the optional classes of physical education]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Lviv [in Ukrainian].
3. Turchyk, I.Kh, Shyian, O.I., Zazuliak, I.B. (2005). Kulturna osvita ditei serednoho shkilnoho viku v Anhlii [Physical education of children of secondary school age in England]. Realizatsiia zdorovoho sposobu zhyttia – suchasni pidkhody – Implementation of a healthy lifestyle – modern approaches, 4, 56- 61 [in Ukrainian].
4. Shyian, B. M. & Omelianenko, I. O. (2012). Teoriia i metodyka fizychnoho vykhovannia shkoliariv [Theory and methodology of physical education of pupils]. T.: Navchalna Knyha - Bohdan [in Ukrainian].
5. Chyzhyk, V. V. & Hordiichuk, V. I. (2014). Vplyv fakultatyvnykh zaniat z fizychnoi kultury na rukhovu pidhotovlenist pidlitkiv, yaki prozhyvaiut v silskii mistsevosti [Influence of optional classes of physical education on motor preparedness of adolescents living in rural area]. Pedahohika, psykholohiia ta medyko-biolohichni problemy fizychnoho vykhovannia i sportu - Pedagogy, psychology and medical-biological problems of physical education and sport, 6, 76 – 82 [in Ukrainian].
6. About the games. Retrieved from: http://www.yourschoolgames.com/about-the-games (10.08.2013) [in English].

(2015) Science and education, 4, 129-134. Odessa.

Tetiana Mosheska,
Lecturer of Kharkov State Academy of Physical Culture,
Tetiana Shepelenko,
Senior Lecturer of Ukrainian State Academy of Railway Transport,
Olha Luchko,
Senior Lecturer of Ukrainian State Academy of Railway Transport,
7, Ploscha Faierbakha, Kharkov, Ukraine 

METHODS OF INTEGRATED TRAINING OF YOUNG ATHLETES MAJORING IN SPORTS AEROBICS FOCUSING ON ATTENTION FUNCTIONS DEVELOPMENT 

 The article presents the results of the developed and experimentally-based methods of integrated training of young athletes (9-11 years), majoring in sports aerobics with the focus on the development of attention function as a major factor of improving competitive activity. The experimental method of integrated training, which is based on the development of attention functions, has been appraised in the training process of young athletes. The method consists of blocks of conjugated impact, which are included in each training session: block of means of cognitive development of attention; block of means of kinesiology development of attention, general physical and special training; attention and technical training. Classes aimed at forming attention were conducted in all periods of sports training using repeated, variability, playing and complex methods. The experiment used an educational method and mathematical statistics. With the help of carried out testing aimed at determining physical, technical and special fitness (development) the author has identified the main means, methods, techniques, and requirements for exercises, which are the basis of the experimental technique, and allow to improve the quality of performing the techniques by young athletes in modern sports aerobics. The use of the author’s methodology promotes higher growth rates of young sportsmen’s physical fitness. Practical application of the developed technique of integrated training of young athletes at the stage of initial sports specialization objectively proves the validity of the formation of special cognitive qualities in young athletes, in particular, attention, for effective implementation of physical, technical capacity and the success of their sports skills development. The results of the experiment have shown high efficiency of the developed and implemented methods of integrated training of young athletes majoring in sports aerobics, focusing on the development of attention as a factor of increasing the competitive activeness.

 integrated training, attention, young athletes, sports aerobics.

 1. Alabin, V.G. (1993). Mnogoletnyaya trenirovka yunykh sportsmenov [Long-term training of young sportsmen]. Karkov: Osnova [in Russian].
2. Shestakov, M.P. (2002). Aerobika. Teoriya i metodika provedeniya zanyatiy [Theory and methods of training]. Moscow: SportAkademPress [in Russian].
3. Bolyak, A.A. (2007). Analіz tehnіky bazovykh rukhіv yunykh sportsmenіv u sportyvnіy aerobіtsі [Analysis of technique of basic movements of young athletes in sports aerobics]. Teorіia ta praktyka fіzichnoho vykhovannia – Theory and practice of physical education. Kharkіv: HNPU [in Ukrainian].
4. Bolyak, A.A. (2009). Modeliuvannia tehnichnoi pidhotovlenosti sportsmeniv v aerobichnii gimnastytsi (sportivnyi aerobitsi) [Modelling technical preparation of sportsmen in aerobic gymnastics (sport aerobic)]. Slobozhanskyi naukovo-sportivnyi visnyk – Slobozhansky scientific and sport newsletter, (Vols. 2), (pp. 119-123). Kharkіv: HDAFK [in Ukrainian].
5. Volkov, L.V. (2002). Teoriya i metodika detskogo i yunosheskogo sporta [Theory and methods of child and youth sports]. Kyiv: Olimpiyskaya literatura [in Russian].
6. Dubovova, A.A. (2009). Razvitie psihomotoriki kak komponent psihologicheskogo soprovozhdeniya podgotovki yunykh gimnastov [Psychomotor development as a component of psychological support training of young gymnasts]. Vestnik Adygeskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta – Newsletter of Adyghe State University, 4, 25-31 [in Russian].
7. Maevskiy, K.V. (2012). Razvitie spetsialnogo vnimaniya u yunykh sportsmenov 11-13 let, zanimayushhihsya mini-futbolom (futzalom) [Development of special attention in young athletes of 11-13 years engaged in a mini-soccer (futsal)]. Vestnik sportivnoy nauki – Newsletter of Sport Science, 4, 15-17 [in Russian].
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