(2020) Science and education, 3, 47-57. Odessa.

Olha Sytnyk,
PhD (Candidate of Biology Sciences), associate professor,
Department of Physical Therapy,
Occupational Therapy and Sports Medicine,
Olha Yezhova,
Doctor of Education, professor,
head of the Department of Physical Therapy,
Occupational Therapy and Sports Medicine,
Oksana Melekhovets,
PhD (Candidate of Medical Sciences), associate professor,
Department of Family Medicine,
Sumy State University,
2, Rymskogo-Korsakova Str., Sumy, Ukraine

PHYSICAL THERAPY OF MIDDLE-AGED PEOPLE WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES

Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. This disease has been considered as a social problem. It is getting more and more urgent. The increase in the incidence and mortality of type 2 diabetes that observed in recent years requires development of preventive measures, active use of physical therapy. Purpose is to characterize the program of physical therapy for type 2 diabetes and to evaluate its importance. The following materials and methods were used: WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, somatometry, goniometry, pulsometry, tonometry, dynamometry, functional testing, perceived exertion. An adequate physiotherapy program for middle-aged people with type 2 diabetes that is suitable for treatment and rehabilitation process has been proposed. The program was implemented in the University Clinic of Sumy State University. The theoretical part of the paper emphasizes that the use of comprehensive approach can only help to normalize carbohydrate metabolism. During implementation of the experimental part of the study, we contributed to motivation to increase motor activity, implemented a program of physical therapy for middle-aged people with type 2 diabetes and obesity, which consisted of strength and aerobic exercises of moderate intensity and relaxation exercises. The empirical part of the work proves the program to be the effective. The analysis of the results indicates positive changes in the functional systems of the organism. Correction of physical activity of persons with type 2 diabetes and obesity leads to positive changes in the studied parameters. Individuals who participated in the physical therapy program had a tendency to a decrease in waist, hip, neck circumference, body mass index (BMI, WHR); a tendency to an increase in calf circumference. These changes have a positive effect on a person's quality of life, self-esteem for physical and especially mental health. The results of the study can be proposed for the practice of physiotherapists who work with patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity.

 type 2 diabetes, middle age, obesity, physical therapy program.

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3. Kaniuka, Ye. V., & Pindichev, S. O. (2015). Zastosuvannya shkali Individualnogo spriynyattya fIzichnogo navantazhennya (shkala Borga) pri provedennі protsedur likuvalnoyi gimnastiki [Application of the scale of individual perception of physical activity (Borg scale) during therapeutic gymnastics procedures]. Ukrayinskiy visnik mediko-sotsialnoyi ekspertizi – Ukrainian Bulletin of Medical and Social Expertise, 22, 42–45. Retrieved from http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/ujmse_2015_2_11 [in Ukraіnian].
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13. Yushchuk, N. D., Maev, Y. V., & Hurevych, K. H. (2012). Zdorovyi obraz zhyzny y profylaktyka zabolevanyi [Healthy Living And Disease Prevention]. Мoscow: Pero [in Russian].
14. de Koning, L, Merchant, A. T., Pogue, J., Anand, S. S. (2007). Waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio as predictors of cardiovascular events: meta-regression analysis of prospective studies. Eur Heart J, 28, 850–856. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehm026 [in English].
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19.Ranasinghe, C., Hills, A. P., Constantine, G. R., Finlayson, G., Katulanda, P., & King, N. A. (2018). Study protocol: a randomised controlled trial of supervised resistance training versus aerobic training in Sri Lankan adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: SL-DART study. BMC Public Health, 18, 176. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5069-6 [in English].
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(2020) Science and education, 3, 57-64. Odessa.

Evgen Mikhalyuk,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor,
head of the Department of Physical Rehabilitation,
Sport Medicine, Physical Education and Health,
Vitaliy Syvolap,
Doctor of Medial Sciences, professor,
head of the Department of Propedeutic Internal
Medicine Radiation Diagnostic and Radiation Therapy,
Maryna Potapenko,
PhD (Candidate of Medical Sciences), associate professor,
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care,
Nikolay Bessarabov,
PhD (Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences), associate professor,
Department of Physical Rehabilitation,
Sport Medicine, Physical Education and Health,
Sergey Polskoy,
senior lecturer of the Department of Physical Rehabilitation,
Sport Medicine, Physical Education and Health,
Zaporizhzhya State Medical University,
26, Mayakovsky Avenue, Zaporozhye, Ukraine

FEATURES OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC INDICATORS AND DATA OF HEART RATE
VARIABILITY IN YOUNG FOOTBALLERS

The great importance has recently been attached to studying the functional capabilities of athletes taking into account the data of bioelectric activity of the myocardium, as well as vegetative status based on the analysis of heart rate variability. However, works in which questions regarding the age-related features of the ECG and the autonomic provision of the heart rate for young football players are not enough. In order to clarify the effect of age on ECG and heart rate variability (HRV), a comparative analysis of 5-minute records and standard ECG in 12 leads was conducted for young players aged 13-15 years (n = 39) and 16-17 years (n = 23). The mathematical and spectral methods for analyzing HRV with the calculation of the stress index R. M. Baevsky were used to assess the state of the mechanisms of neurohumoral regulation of the heart, the activity of segmental and suprasegmental parts of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The comparative study of five‐minute ECG recordings of standard 12-lead electrocardiograms of young football players aged 13-15 (n = 39) and 16-17 years (n = 23) was carried out to clarify the effect of age on the electrocardiogram and heart rate variability. The frequency of registration of incomplete LBBB decreases by 2.2 times with an increase in the age of football players and there is a tendency to increase the tone of the parasympathetic link of the ANS.

young footballers, electrocardiogram, heart rate variability.

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5. Vorobyev, L. P., Gribkova, I. N., Petrusenko, N. M. (1985). Vozmozhnyye mekhanizmy vozniknoveniya sindroma ranney repolyarizatsii zheludochkov [Possible mechanisms for the occurrence of early ventricular repolarization syndrome]. Kardiologiya, 25 (4), 110–112 [in Russian].
6. Zotkin, V. N. (2006). Mediko-biologicheskiye osnovy sportivnogo otbora futbolistov-podrostkov  [Biomedical basis for the sports selection of teenage football players]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Moscow: Scientific Research Institute of Pediatrics, State Institution of Scientific Center of Children's Health [in Russian].
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9. Mikhaylov, V. M. (2002). Variabelnost ritma serdtsa: opyt prakticheskogo primeneniya metoda [Heart rate variability: practical experience with the method]. Ivanovo: Ivanov. gos. med. Akademiya [in Russian].
10. Mikhalyuk, Ye. L. (2004). Sostoyaniye tsentralnoy gemodinamiki i fizicheskoy rabotosposobnosti u predstaviteley mini-futbola i futbola [The state of central hemodynamics and physical performance in representatives of indoor soccer and football]. Zaporozhskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal – Zaporozhye medical journal, 2, 58–60 [in Russian].
11. Mikhalyuk, Ye. L., & Syvolap, V. V. (2006). Osobennosti variabel'nosti serdechnogo ritma u futbolistov vysokogo klassa [Features of heart rate variability in high-class football players]. Sportivnaya meditsina – Sports medicine, 1, 46–49 [in Russian].
12. Mykhalyuk, Ye. L., Syvolap, V. V., & Chechel, M. M. (2008) Vplyv vysokykh trenuvalnykh navantazhen na pokaznyky variabelnosti sertsevoho rytmu, tsentralnu hemodynamiku i fizychnu pratsezdatnist vysokokvalifikovanykh futbolistiv [Influence of high training loads on heart rate variability, central hemodynamics and physical performance of highly qualified football players. Current issues of medical science and practice]. Aktualni pytannya medychnoyi nauky ta praktyky – Current issues of medical science and practice, 73 (1), 120–125 [in Ukrainian].
13. Nikolayenko, V. V. (2015). Tekhnologiya fizicheskoy podgotovki yunykh futbolistov [Technology of physical training of young football players]. Slobozhanskiy naukovo-sportivniy vísnik – Slobozhansky Science and Sports Bulletin, 5 (49), 78–85 [in Russian].
14. Platonov, V. N. (2013). Periodizatsiya sportivnoy trenirovki. Obshchaya teoriya i yeye prakticheskoye primeneniye [Periodization of sports training. General theory and its practical application]. Kiev: Olimpiyskaya literatura [in Russian].
15. Chichkova, M. A., Svetlichkina, A. A. & Dorontsev, A. V. (2017). Individual'noye planirovaniye fizicheskikh nagruzok u plovtsov lyubiteley s uchetom pokazateley elektrokardiogrammy [Individual planning of physical activity for amateur swimmers, taking into account the electrocardiogram indicators]. Uchenyye zapiski universiteta im. P.F. Lesgafta – PF Lesgaft University Scholarly Notes, 7 (149), 203–206 [in Russian].
16. Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology (1996). Circulation, 93, 1043–1065 [in English].
17. Koziy, T. P., Topcii, M. S. (2018). Adaptation changes of the parameters of the hemodynamics of athletes, who train to development of stability. Georgian medical news, 11 (284), 76–82 [in English].
18. Mykhaliuk, Ye. L., Potapenko, M. S., Horokhovskyi, Ye. Yu., Hunina, L. M. & Holovashchenko, R. V. (2020). Characteristics of autonomic maintenance of central hemodynamics and physical working capacity in highly qualified sprint swimmers. Zaporozhye medical journal, 22 (2), 245–249 [in English].
19. Mykhaliuk, Ye. L., Syvolap, V. V., Hunina, L. M., Potapenko, M. S. & Kaddah, D. Al. (2020). Association of ECG early repolarization phenomena and “T-infantile” with autonomic regulation of the heart rhythm in young athletes. Zaporozhye medical journal, 22 (3), 356–362 [in English].

(2020) Science and education, 3, 64-73. Odessa.

Tetiana Dehtiarenko,
Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences,
professor of the Department of Biology and Health Care,
Nadiia Orlyk,
PhD (Candidate of Biological Sciences),
lecturer of the Department of Biology and Health Care,
Oksana Kostiuk,
PhD student of the Department of Biology and Health Care,
State Institution “South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky”,
26, Staroportofrankivska Str., Odesa, Ukraine

PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES.
HISTORICAL CONCEPTS

The development of such a scientific field as the psychophysiology of individual differences is relevant nowadays, because it implements an interdisciplinary methodological approach. The above-mentioned direction is used in various fields of natural sciences, clinical psychology, pathophysiology, special psychology and pedagogy, is used to develop applied problems of sports medicine, physical education and physical rehabilitation. The aim of the work is to highlight in the historical aspect the importance of methodological approaches to the study of higher human nervous activity in the context of differential psychophysiology. The theoretical methods were used to perform the tasks set in the work: analysis of special scientific and methodological literature, its systematization and generalization. The concepts of such talented neurophysiologists as I. M. Sechenov and I. P. Pavlov who were successfully implemented by the outstanding psychologist B. M. Teplov and his followers in the direction of creating perspective scientific vectors of differential psychophysiology and psychology are currently not only recognized as a theoretical and methodological foundation of modern systemic psychophysiology and psychophysiology of individuality, but also have practical implementation in conducting psychophysiological examination in various fields of professional human activity, in clinical psychophysiology and psychology, as well as in special psychology and pedagogy. The awareness of the representatives of classical science of the necessity and expediency of using the achievements and latest achievements of neurophysiology, genetic psychophysiology and integrative anthropology in their scientific and methodological works will help to realize the progressive and productive development of differential psychophysiology and psychology in vitaecultural, social and educational space of modernity.

individuality, psychophysiological examination, personality traits, types of temperament, differential psychophysiology.

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3. Dehtiarenko, T. V., & Vastianov, R. S. (2017). Znachennia naukovykh prats I. M. Siechenova dlia stvorennia suchasnoi systemnoi psykhofiziolohii [Knowledge of scientific works of I. M. Sechenov for creation of modern system psychophysiology]. Intehratyvna antropolohiia – Innovative anthropology, 2, 9–16 [in Ukrainian].
4. Dehtiarenko, T. V., & Kodzhebash, V. F. (2018). Vplyv strukturohennoho khimichnoho khvylovoho polia na formuvannia orhanizmu liudyny [Influence of structured chemical wave field on the formation of the human body]. Intehratyvna antropolohiia. – Innovative anthropology, 2, 35–43 [in Ukrainian].
5. Dehtiarenko, T., Kostiuk, O., & Arnautova, L. (2018). Bioakustychna psykhoneiromoduliatsiia yak innovatsiinyi zasib korektsii fenotypiv vidkhylenoi povedinky [Bioacoustic psychoneuromodulation as an innovative means of correction of phenotypes of deviant behavior]. Nauka i osvita – Science and Education, 8, 28– 34 [in Ukrainian].
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12. Teplov, V. M. (1998). Psihologiya i psihofiziologiya individualnyh razlichiy [Psychology and psychophysiology of individual differences]. Moscow: Izdateltvo «Institut prakticheskoj psihologi», Voronezh: NPO «Modjek» [in Russian].
13. Furman, A. V. (2013). Psykhodiahnostyka osobystisnoi adaptovanosti: Naukove vydannia [Psychodiagnostics of personal adaptability] (3nd ed., rev.). Ternopil: Ekonomichna dumka [in Ukrainian].
14. Degtyarenko, T., Yagotin, R., Bosenko, A., Plisko, V., & Dolinsky, B. (2019). Criterion score of the physical and psychophysiological condition of students in the context of determining their individual adaptability to physical loads. Physical education of students, 23 (1), 51– 57 [in English].
15. Degtyarenko, T. V., Dolgier, E. V., Yagotin, R. S., & Кodzhebash, V. F. (2019). Psycho-motility of a person in the context of its psychophysiological support and genetic determination. Journal of Physical Education and Sport ® (JPES), 19 (3), 1526–1531 [in English].

(2020) Science and education, 3, 73-78. Odessa.

Yuliia Hopkalo,
junior research scientist,
Laboratory of Applied Psychology of Education,
Ukrainian Scientific and Methodological Center for Applied Psychology and Social Work,
98-A, Vito-Litovsk Lane, Kiev, Ukraine

GROUP WORK ACTIVITIES WITH TRAUMATIZED PEOPLE
WHO WERE AFFECTED BY MILITARY ACTIONS

The problematic of mental traumatization and maladjustment of the personality as a result of extreme situations is very specific and diverse. The source of trauma is not only an objectively traumatic event, but also the imaginative activity of the psyche, which is formed on the basis of a previously experienced difficult event, unstable political, social picture of the world, lack of confidence in the future, stability and security. An attempt to build psychological aid based solely on the principle of symptom relief, anesthesia of mental pain and readaptation to the social environment is unlikely to be successful, since such an approach, which provides a detached view, without in-depth immersion in the individual experience of trauma and does not take into account the traumatogenic effect of unconscious fantasies which is one of the most powerful factors of trauma. The article refers to discussion and substantiation of the theoretical and methodological foundations of group work activities with traumatized people who were affected by military actions based on art therapy, game technologies, psychological debriefing trainings. As a result of author's scientific researches it has been determined that the rehabilitation of persons with psychological trauma who have suffered as a result of military actions is an integral complex of medical, physical, psychological, social, pedagogical activities aimed at recovery of health, psychoemotional state and working capacity. The basis of group work activities with people who suffered as a result of military actions is psychotherapeutic methods and appropriate techniques: psychological counseling, suggestion therapy, hetero- and autorelaxation techniques, cognitive psychotherapy, psychological debriefing, transactional analysis, psychodrama, musical psychocorrection, speech therapy and etc. The choice of working methods and techniques is determined by the individual psychological characteristics of each person who suffered as a result of military actions and the compatibility principle to method.

person who suffered as a result of military actions, psychotrauma, group forms of psychological activities, methods, psychotechnics.

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5. Klymchuk, V. O. (2016). Posttravmatychne zrostannia ta yak mozhna yomu spryiaty u psykhoterapii [Post-traumatic growth and how it can be promoted in psychotherapy]. Nauka i osvita – Science and Education, 5, 46-52 [in Ukrainian].
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8. Popeliushko, R. P. (2015). Osoblyvosti psykholohichnoi reabilitatsii uchasnykiv viiskovykh dii zasobamy pryrodnychoi rekreatsii [Features of psychological rehabilitation of participants in hostilities by means of natural recreation]. Aktualni problemy psykholohii – Current problems of psychology, 13, 198–207 [in Ukrainian].
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