(2018) Science and education, 3, 5-11. Odessa.

Lina Barinova,
PhD (Candidate of Psychological Sciences), senior lecturer,
Department of Differential and Special Psychology,
Odessa National University named after I.I. Mechnikov,
2, Dvorianska Str., Odesa, Ukraine

PERSONALITY MODELS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF LIFE STRATEGIES

The paper aims to analyze the results of the carried out empirical research of personal peculiarities of people with stable and unstable life strategies. The research was conducted at Odessa National University named after I.I. Mechnikov involving 200 persons and Odesa Employment Center involving 100 persons. The following research methods were used in the study: 16 PF Questionnaire by R. Cattell for examining individual psychological personality properties with stable and unstable life strategies; T. Leary’s Interpersonal Behavior Circle for determining the dominant type of attitude towards people in self-esteem; Personality Self-Actualization Test by O. Lazukin in adaptation of N. Kalona for revealing the level of personality self-actualization and behavior component of consciousness; Rotter’s Locus of Control Scale in the adaptation of Ye. Bazhin for examining personal characteristics manifesting person’s proneness to explain life events by internal or external factors. Two types of respondents have been distinguished: those ones having a stable life strategy (who are working in the profession chosen) and those having an unstable life strategy (who have decided to quit job and change occupation). These are two types of personality models differing by the stability or instability of life strategies. The first one reproduces the structure consisting of three factors: emotional and volitional peculiarities, parameters of self-actualization (support) and types of interpersonal relations (kindness and subordination). The second model covers three factors: locus of control (responsibility), peculiarities of emotional control and parameters of self-actualization (sensitivity towards oneself, one’s needs and feelings).

 personality, life strategy, interpersonal relations, locus of control, self-actualization.

1. Abulkhanova-Slavskaia, K.A. (1993). Strategiia zhizni [The strategy of life]. Moscow: Nauka. [in Russian].
2. Adler, A. (1995). Praktika i teoriia individualnoi psikhologii [Practice and the theory of individual psychology]. Moscow: Fond «Za ekonomicheskuiu gramotnost». [in Russian].
3. Golovakha, E.I. (2000). Zhiznennaia perspektiva i tsennostnye orientatsii lichnosti [The life perspective and value orientations of the person]. Saint Petersburg: Piter [in Russian].
4. Stoliarenko, L.D. (1999). Osnovy psikhologii. Praktikum [Fundamentals of psychology. Workshop]. Rostov-na-Donu [in Ukrainian]
5. Pugachev, V.P. (2002). Testy, delovye igry, treningi v upravlenii personalom [Tests, business games, trainings in human resources management]. Moscow: Pedagogika [in Russian].
6. Fromm, E. (2000). Imet ili byt [To be or be]. Moscow: "AST" [in Russian].
7. Khell, L. (1997). Teorii lichnosti [Theories of personality]. Saint Petersburg: Piter [in Russian].

(2018) Science and education, 3, 12-19. Odessa.

Andreyanna Ivanchenko,
Doctor of Psychology, associate professor,
Educational-Scientific Institute of International Relations and Social Sciences,
Interregional Academy of Personnel Management,
2, Frometivska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine,
Oleksandr Timchenko,
Doctor of Psychology, professor,
Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Crisis and Disasters Psychology,
National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine,
94, Chernyshevskaya Str., Kharkiv, Ukraine,
Evgeniy Zaika,
PhD (Candidate of Psychological Sciences), associate professor,
Department of Psychology,
V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University,
6, Svobody square, Kharkiv, Ukraine

HOW TO GET AROUND THE STRESS-TRAPS IN THE
STUDENTS’ LIFE AND AVOID THE STRESS ACUTE ANGLES

This paper aims to reveal the ways of forming the sanogenic anti-crisis person’s qualities. The main sociopsychological determinants causing the students’ stress (mainly, the large training load, conflicts in the group, unwilling-ness to study, fear of the future) and stress symptomatology (in a great part of the emotional-physiological nature: anxiety, fear, headache, lack of time, low working capacity) were identified. As it was defined, many students use spontaneously the destructive methods of stress relieving (alcohol, smoking, internet, television). A wide range of fatigue, overload and stress symptoms, arising at the interpersonal and personal level, was observed. The system of sanogenic organizational and psychological ways of stress suppression has been elaborated (i.e., Reiki recovering system, meditation, game trainings of cognitive processes).

stress determinants, stress resistance, sanogenous qualities, Reiki recovering system, meditation, game training of cognitive processes.

1. Batarshev, A.V., Alekseeva, I.Iu., Maiorova, E.V. (2007). Diagnostika professionalno vazhnykh kachestv [Diagnostics of professionally important qualities]. Saint Petersburg: Piter [in Russian].
2. Dunai, V.I., Sidorenko, V.N., Arinchina, N.G., & Avgustinovich, O.I. (2012). Osobennosti proiavleniia stressa u studentov s uchetom uslovii ikh prozhivaniia [Features of the students’ stress in manifestation taking into account of their residence conditions]. Voennaia meditsina: nauchno-prakticheskii retsenziruemyi zhurnal. Belorusskii gosudarstvennyi meditsinskii universitet – Military Medicine: scientific and practical journal. Belorussian State Medical University, 2, 44-47 [in Russian].
3. Ivanchenko, А. (2017). Zhiznesozidaiushchaia kreativnost kak lichnostnyi fenomen. Monografiia [Creative life-orientation as a personal phenomenon. Monograph]. Retrieved from: http://glavkniga.su/book/45216. ISBN 978-3-330-06314-3. Saarbrucken, Germany: LAP LAMBERT Acad. Publishing [in Russian].
4. Ivanchenko, А. & Zaika, Е. (2017). Myshlenie i zhiznesozidaiushchaia kreativnost lichnosti: puti razvitiia. Monografiia [Thinking and Personality’s creative lifeorientation: ways of development. Monograph]. Retrieved from: https://diebuchsuche.com/r.php?q=978-613-3- 99020-3 ISBN 978-613-3-99020-3. Saarbrucken, Germany: LAP LAMBERT Acad. Publishing [in Russian].
5. Sadkovyi, V.P., & Timchenko, O.V. (Eds.) (2017). Aktualni doslidzhennia v suchasnii vitchyznianii ekstremalnii ta kryzovii psykholohi. Monohrafiia [Current research in contemporary domestic extreme and crisis psychology. Monograph]. Kharkiv: FOP Mezina V.V. [in Ukrainian]
6. Shcherbatykh, Iu.V. (2006). Psikhologiia stressa i metody korrektsii / Iu.V. Shcherbatykh [Psychology of stress and correction methods]. Saint Petersburg: Piter [in Russian].
7. Amirova, A., Cropley, M., & Theadom, A. (2017). The effectiveness of the Mitchell Method Relaxation Technique for the treatment of fibromyalgia symptoms: A three-arm randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Stress Management (IJSM), 24(1), 86- 106 [in English].
8. Anisman, H. (2015). Stress and Health: From Vulnerability to Resilience. Wiley [in English].
9. Park, J.H., & DeFrank, R.S. (2018). The role of proactive personality in the stressor–strain model. International Journal of Stress Management (IJSM), 25(1), 44-59 [in English].
10. Ragsdale, J. M., Beehr, T. A., Grebner, S., & Han, K. (2011). An integrated model of weekday stress and weekend recovery of students. International Journal of Stress Management (IJSM), 18, 153-180 [in English].
11. Shields, G.S., Doty D., Shields, R.H., Gower G., Slavich G.M., & Yonelinas A.P. (2017). Recent life stress exposure is associated with poorer long-term memory, working memory, and self-reported memory. Stress: The International Journal on the Biology of Stress, 20, 6, 598- 607 [in English].
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13. Srivastava, S., Tamir, M., McGonigal, K. M., John, O.P., & Gross, J.J. (2009). The social costs of emotional suppression: A prospective study of the transition to college. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96, 883-897 [in English].
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(2018) Science and education, 3, 20-26. Odessa.

Igor Zozulia,
Doctor of Law, professor, Department of General Law Disciplines,
Larysa Shevchenko,
PhD (Candidate of Psychological Sciences), associate professor,
Department of Sociology and Psychology,
Oleksandr Zozulia,
PhD (Candidate of Legal Sciences), associate professor,
Department of General Law Disciplines,
Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs,
27, L. Landau avenue, Kharkiv, Ukraine

GENDER PECULIARITIES OF CRIMINALS’ SELF-REGULATION

The study of self-regulation appears to be a very relevant issue because the violation of self-regulation is one of the reasons of psychosocial and personal problems. The purpose of the research is to study the peculiarities of selfregulation of female and male criminals. In the research, the following methods were used: Stylistic Features of Behavior Self-Regulation Inventory by V. Morosanova, that examines the individual self-regulation and the indicators of the development of regulatory personality properties; and Action Control Scale (ACS) by Kuhl (adapted by S. Shapkin), that allows one to study: action control associated with decision making; action control associated with the implementation; action control associated with the targeting of failure; questioning, mathematical and statistical methods. According to the results of the study, the general level of self-regulation in women is lower than that of men, they are more dependent on the situation and the environment, they are less resistant to negative influences, are difficult to plan and predict their activities. Female criminals are less able to form the representation of their expectations and emotions, they live according to the approximate life “scheme”, they are characterized by uncertainty, dependence on external and internal circumstances, impulsiveness, fragmentary control over their actions, lenient attitude to their behavior, therefore the main role in regulating their behavior is assigned to external regulators. Male criminals have a rather high overall level of self-regulation, which makes them better adapted to changes in life. Unlike female criminals, male ones are more action-oriented, they have more complete representations of the past and the current states. There are some common things in both groups of criminals: an undeveloped need to plan their lives, lack of ability and desire to develop goals and life prospects.

self-regulation, personality, self-control, crime, female-criminal, deviant behavior, impulsivity.

1. Konopkin, O. A. (2011). Psikhologicheskiye mekhanizmy regulyatsii deyatelnosti [Psychological mechanisms of activity regulation]. Moscow: LENAND [in Russian].
2. Sydorenko, N. I. (2006). Osoblyvosti usvidomlennya samorehulyatsiyi dovilʹnoyi aktyvnosti maybutnikh pedahohiv [Features of awareness of self-regulation of the arbitrary activity of future teachers]. Nauka i osvita – Science and education, 3, 35–47 [in Ukrainian].
3. Holovkin, B M. (2011). Koryslyva nasylnytska zlochynnist v Ukrayini: fenomen, determinatsiya, zapobihannya [Forced violent crime in Ukraine: a phenomenon, determination, prevention]. Kharkiv: Pravo [in Ukrainian].
4. Batyrhareyeva, V. S. (2009). Retsydyvna zlochynnist v Ukrayini [Recurrent Crime in Ukraine]. Kharkiv: Pravo [in Ukrainian].
5. Merkulova, V. O. (2001). Psykholohichni aspekty zhinochoyi nasylnytskoyi zlochynnosti. Visnyk Odeskoho in-tu vnutrishnikh sprav – Bulletin of Odessa in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 1. 78–83 [in Ukrainian].
6. Antonyan, YU. M., Kudryavtsev, V. N., & Eminov, V. Ye. (2014). Lichnost prestupnika [The personality of a criminal]. Saint Petersburg: Izd-vo «Yuridicheskiy tsentr Press» [in Russian].
7. Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004). High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology and interpersonal success. Journ. of Personality, (Vol. 72), (pp. 271–322) [in English].
8. Baumeister, R. F., Schmeichel, B. J., & Vohs, K. D. (2007). Self-Regulation and executive function: The Self as controlling agent. Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles. [in English].
9. Pulkkinen, L. (2006). The Jyvaskyla longitudinal study of personality and social development (JYLS). Socioemotional development and health from adolescence to adulthood (pp. 29-55). N.Y.: Cambridge University Press [in English].
10. Gottfredson, M. R., & Hirsch, T. (1990). A general theory of crime. Stanford: Stanford University Press [in English].
11. Mischel, W., & Auduk, O. (2004). Willpower in cognitive-affective processing system: the dynamics of delay of gratification. In: Handbook of Self-Regulation. R. F. Baumeister, K. D. Vohs (Ed.). N.Y. Gulford Press [in English].

(2018) Science and education, 3, 27-35. Odessa.

Olha Sannikova,
Doctor of Psychology, professor,
head of the Department of General and Differential Psychology,
Oksana Kuznetsova,
PhD (Candidate of Psychological Sciences), associate professor,
South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky,
4, Fontanska Doroha Str., Odesa, Ukraine

ADAPTIVITY AS THE INTEGRAL PHENOMENON: EMPIRICAL VERIFICATION

At the current stage of the society development, psychological science faces a challenge of in-depth study of adaptability as a system of individual possibilities to adapt to constant and large-scale changes and act effectively in a highly dynamic environment, realize personally significant goals and satisfy needs, maintaining internal stability and balance in interaction with the world. The purpose of this study is the theoretical justification and empirical verification of the model of the multilevel structure of adaptability as an integral property of the personality. The study used both theoretical methods, including the system method and theoretical simulation, and empirical (testing), as well as mathematical-statistical (correlation analysis). Based on the provisions of the continual-hierarchical concept of personality, a model of the multilevel structure of adaptability as its sustainable property has been developed. In this structure, the signs of adaptability, representing the formal-dynamic, content-personal and social-imperative levels are considered. At each level, adaptability is represented by certain components that are characterized by their specific content. At the same time, the components of different levels of adaptability interact in a peculiar way, supplement each other and together form an integral property that is irreducible to the sum of its components. The study of adaptability as a complex phenomenon, structurally uniting subsystems of different levels, was carried out using techniques that allow one to instrumentally approach the measurement of its multilevel features. These are the author’s psychodiagnostic methods: “Test-questionnaire of Social Adaptability (examines formal-dynamic and qualitative indicators of adaptability) and the self-evaluation version of the technique “Structural Composition of Personal Adaptability” (measures the contentpersonal and social-imperative attributes). The presented results of the correlation analysis of the parameters of the formal dynamic, content-personal, social-imperative levels demonstrate the interrelation of the majority of the identified indicators of adaptability, representing its various levels, and also reveal the set of intra-level and inter-level relationships that organize and maintain the integrity of adaptability.

adaptability of personality, structure of adaptability, psychodiagnostics of adaptability, continualhierarchical concept of personality.

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2. Anohin, P. К. (1978) Filosofskie aspekty teorii funkcional'nyh sistem [Philosophical aspects of the theory of functional systems]. Moscow: Nauka [in Russian].
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10. Sannikova, O. P. & Kuznietsova O. V. (2017). Kompleksnaya diagnostika adaptivnosti lichnosti [Complex diagnostics of personality adaptability]. Society for Cultural and Scientific Progress in Central and Eastern Europe, 53 (114), 84-90 [in Russian].
11. Simaeva, I. N. (2006). Psihologiya adaptatsii lichnosti k izmeneniyam zhiznedeyatelnosti [Psychology of personality adaptation to life changes]. Doctor’s thesis. Sankt-Peterburg : RGPU [in Russian].
12. Abbott, R. G. & Forsythe, J. C. (2009). Characterizing Cognitive Adaptability via Robust Automated Knowledge Capture. 5 th International Conference on Foundation of Augmented Cognition (Jul, 19-24, 2009, San Diego, USA) (pp. 107-113). San Diego [in English].
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