(2017) Science and education, 9, 105-110. Odessa.

Liudmyla Shuba,
PhD (Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences), associate professor,
Department of Physical Culture and Sport Management,
Zaporizhzhia National Technical University,
64, Zhukovskoho Str., Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine,
Viktoriia Shuba,
PhD (Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences), associate professor,
Department of Pedagogy and Psychology,
Prydniprovska State Academy of Physical Culture and Sports,
10, Naberezhna Peremohy Str., Dnipro, Ukraine,
Yuliia Yaremchuk,
assistant of the Honorary Consul of Ukraine in Bydgoszcz,
Representative of the Director of the The University of Economy in Bydgoszcz,
2, Garbary Str., Bydgoszcz, Poland

PECULIARITIES OF FEMALE STUDENTS’
MOTIVATION FOR PHYSICAL EXERCISES

The paper aims to investigate the impact of the developed fitness technology on female students’ motivation for physical education classes. The suggested fitness technology for 17-20-year-old girls takes into account a number of important factors: the type of body type, the level of physical fitness and students’ physical health. Depending on these factors, the planning of load components was carried out. The experiment involved 51 girls aged from 17 to 20 years, who were divided into experimental (n = 25) and control (n = 26) groups. In the control group, classes were conducted according to a program that provided for the development of only those physical qualities that are necessary for the successful assimilation of motor activity techniques. Students of the experimental group were suggested to use the developed fitness technology, taking into account their individual characteristics. According to the questionnaire of A. Shaboltas “Motives that Encourage to Do Sports” it has been discovered that the developed fitness technology positively affects the motivational sphere of girls. The developed questionnaire, which was used after the study in both groups, showed positive results – most female students were happy to attend Physical Culture lessons and understood positive effect of sport on their health.

 technology, fitness, motivation, physical qualities, sports, girls, students.

1. Boichuk, Yu. D. (2011). Valeolohycheskoe znachenie fizicheskoi aktivnosti [Valeological significance of physical activity]. Aktualnye problemy fizicheskoy kultury i sporta: sb. nauchn. statei. – Actual problems of physical culture and sports: collection of scientific works. Cheboksary: Chuvashsk. hos. ped. un-t [in Russian].
2. Davydov, V. Yu. (2005). Novye fitness-sistemy (novye napravleniya, metodiki, oborudovanie i inventar): ucheb. posobie [New fitness systems (new directions, methods, equipment and inventory): study. allowance]. Federalnoe ahenstvo po fyz. Kulture y sportu, VHAFK. 2 nd ed. rev. Volhograd: Izd-vo VolHU [in Russian].
3. Dovhan, N. (2016). Strukturne doslidzhennia fizychnoi kultury studentiv vyshchykh navchalnykh zakladiv [Structural study of physical education of students of higher educational institutions]. Fizychne vykhovannia, sport i kultura zdorovia u suchasnomu suspilstvi – Physical education, sports and health culture in modern society, 3 (35), 33-39. Lutsk: Skhidnoievrop. nats. un-t im. Lesi Ukrainky, −
4. Dolzhenko, L. P. (2007). Fizychna pidhotovlenist i funktsionalni osoblyvosti studentiv iz riznym rivnem fizychnoho zdorovia [Physical fitness and functional features of students with different levels of physical health]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
5. Zakyrova, K. S. (2013). Formirovanie motivatsii k zaniatiyam fizicheskoi kulturoy i sportom u studentov [Formation of motivation for physical culture and sports students]. Studencheskyi nauchnyi forum: Materialy V Mezhdunarodnoy studencheskoy elektronnoy nauchnoy konferentsii – Student Scientific Forum: Proceedings of the V International Student Electronic Science Conference. Retrieved from: http://www.scienceforum.ru [in Ukrainian].
6. Zaniuk, S. S. (2002). Psykholohiia motyvatsii: navchalnyi posibnyk [Psychology of motivation: manual]. Kyiv: Lybid [in Ukrainian].
7. Ivchatova, T. V. (2007). Samostiini zaniattia fizychnymy vpravamy: metodychni rekomendatsii dlia studentiv vyshchykh navchalnykh zakladiv [Selfemployment exercises: methodical recommendations for students of higher educational institutions]. Kyiv: KNEU im. Vadyma Hetmana [in Ukrainian].
8. Matveeva, R. Yu. (2012). Motivatsiya studentov kak osnova postroeniya uchebnoho protsessa po fizicheskomu vospitaniyu v vuze [Motivation of students as the basis for building a training process for physical education at the university]. Fizkulturnoe obrazovanie: sport i Zdorove: Materialy IV nauchno-prakticheskoy internetkonferentsii studentov, magistrantov, aspirantov, molodykh uchenykh – Physical Education: Sports and Health: Proceedings of the IV Scientific and Practical Internet Conference of Students, Masters, Postgraduates, Young Scientists. Retrieved from: http://lib.convdocs [in Ukrainian].
9. Starchekov, M. M. (2005). Reitingovaya otsenka kak sredstvo povysheniya motivatsii studentov k zaniatiyam fizicheskoy kulturoy [Rating assessment as a means of increasing motivation of students for physical education classes]. Omsk: SHUFK [in Ukrainian].
10. Shuba, L. V. (2016). Fitnes-tekhnolohii v systemi rozvytku fizychnykh yakostei studentskoi molodi [Fitness technologies in the system of development of physical qualities of student youth]. Fizychne vykhovannia, sport i kultura zdorovia u suchasnomu suspilstvi: zb. nauk. pr. Skhidnoievrop. nats. un-tu im. Lesi Ukrainky – Physical education, sports and health culture in modern society: collection of scientific works of Eastern European National Univervisy named after Lesia Ukrainka, 4(36), 45-52. Lutsk: Skhidnoievrop. nats. un-t im. Lesi Ukrainky [in Ukrainian].
11. Bergier, B. Tsos, A., Bergier, J. (2014). Factors determining physical activity of Ukrainian students. Annals of Environmental Medicine, 3, 613-616 [in English].
12. Mowling, C. M, Brock, S. J., Eiler, K. K. (2004). Student motivation in physical education: breaking down barrier. The Journ. of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 75, 40-45. Reston [in English].
13. Zavydivska, N., Khanikiants, O. (2016). Reorhanizatsiia systemy fizychnoho vykhovannia studentiv vyshchoi shkoly: problemy y perspektyvy [Reorganization of the system of physical education of students of the high school: problems and perspectives]. Fizychne vykhovannia, sport i kultura zdorovia u suchasnomu suspilstvi – Physical education, sports and health culture in modern society, 1 (33), 51-56. Lutsk: Skhidnoievrop. nats. un-t im. Lesi Ukrainky [in Ukrainian].
14. Savchuk, S., Kovalchuk, V. (2015). Health and structure of morbidity college students. Fizychne vykhovannia, sport i kultura zdorovia u suchasnomu suspilstvi – Physical education, sports and health culture in modern society, 3 (31), 173-175. Lutsk: Skhidnoievrop. nats. un-t im. Lesi Ukrainky [in English].

(2017) Science and education, 9, 111-115. Odessa.

Olha Kaminska,
Doctor of Psychological Sciences, associate professor,
professor of the Department of General Psychology and Psychodiagnostics
Rivne State Humanitarian University,
12 Stepana Bandery street, Rivne, Ukraine

INFLUENCE OF GENDER BEHAVIOUR ON
PECULIARITIES OF STUDENTS’ SELF-ATTITUDE

The article deals with the problem of the influence of gender behavior on the peculiarities of student youth’s self-attitude which is relevant in contemporary psychological science. The importance of this issue is predetermined by the destructive effect of negative self-attitude on various aspects of human’s vital activity: features of the motivational sphere, the emotional state of the individual, his/her self-esteem, “I-concept”, the specific nature of interpersonal interaction, the productivity of educational activity. Due to the gender mainstreaming concepts in the student age, associated with the orientation based on the choice of the future marital partner, during this period, there is an evident influence of the gender behavior type on selfattitude, that determines the prospects of its study. The aim of the study has been realized in the work, namely, the relationship between the prevailing type of gender behavior and the specificity of personal self-attitude has been established. Within the empirical research, the methods of testing and questioning have been used. The following patterns have been revealed: the androgynous type of gender behavior is related to self-perception, but the sexually-undifferentiated, hyperfeminic type of girls’ gender behavior and the feminine type of boys – to self-rejection; the hypermasculinous type of boys is associated with inadequate positive self-attitude, the androgynous – with adequate self-attitude with elements of criticality, and the sexuallyundifferentiated – with inadequately critical self-attitude.

gender behaviour, self-attitude, masculinity, androgyny, femininity.

1. Bern, Sh. (2004). Hendernaia psykholohyia [GenderPsychology]. Moscow, Russia: Praim-Evroznak [inRussian].
2. Bondarevska, I. O. (2009). Psykholohichni osoblyvosti hendernoi identychnosti zhinok – maibutnikh menedzheriv [Psychological peculiarities of gender identity of women – future managers]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
3. Hrytchuk, H.V. (2008). Henderni uiavlennia yak chynnyk formuvannia indyvidualnoho zhyttievoho styliu v yunosti [Gender ideas as a factor of the individual lifestyle formation in youth]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Khmelnytskyi [in Ukrainian].
4. Dolhykh, L.M. (2007). Vplyv statevorolovykh stereotypiv na karierni domahannia molodi [The influence of sex-role stereotypes on youth’s career aspirations]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
5. Kubrychenko, T.V. (2007). Formuvannia hendernoyi identychnosti studentok pedahohichnoho koledzhu [The formation of gender identity of pedagogical college girl-students]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Ivano-Frankivsk [in Ukrainian].
6. Lohvinova, D.V. (2007). Vplyv hendernykh ustanovok na statevorolove samovyznachennia starshykh pidlitkiv [The influence of gender attitudes on the sex-role self-determination of senior adolescents]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
7. Melnyk, T.M. (2004). Hender yak nauka ta navchalna dystsyplina [Gender as a science and academic discipline]. Osnovy teorii henderu – The basics of gender theory, 10-30. Kyiv: K.I.S. [in Ukrainian].
8. Romanova, V.H. (2002). Osoblyvosti statevorolovoyi sotsializatsiyi pidlitkiv [Features of teenagers’ sex-role socialization]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
9. Sardzhveladze, N. Y. (1999). Lichnost i yeyo vzaimodeystvie s sotsialnoy sredoy [Personality and its interaction with the social environment]. Tbilisi: Metsniyereba [in Russian].
10. Bem, S.L. (1994). The measurement of psychological androgyny. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 115-162 [in English].
11. O’Heron, C.A., & Orlofsky, J.L. (1990). Stereotypic and nonstereotypic sexrole traits and behavior orientations, gender, identity, and psychological adjustments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 134-143 [in English].

(2017) Science and education, 9, 116-130. Odessa.

Dr. Ercümend Ersanli
associate professor, Social Science Faculty, Social Services Department,
Ondokuz Mayıs University,
Kurupelit Campus 55139 Atakum/Samsun, Turkey,
Özkan Özcan,
specialist psychological counsellor, Canik District Directorate of National Education,
100.Yıl Bulvarı Hükümet Konağı Kat:6 Canik/Samsun, Turkey

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARITAL
ADJUSTMENT AND TOLERANCE LEVEL

In this study, the correlation between martial adjustment and tolerance levels taking into account such variables as gender, age, education level of individuals and their spouses, duration of marriage, perceived socio-economic and happiness levels, a place of residence, were investigated. The data were collected with Martial Adjustment Scale developed by Locke and Wallace (1959) and adapted to Turkish by Tutarel-Kışlak (1999), Tolerance Scale developed by Ersanlı (2011), and personal information form. The sample consisted of 300 married individuals which were 150 married women and 150 married men. 194 participants lived in urban areas and 106 participants lived in rural areas. The data were analysed with Spearman’s Rho statistics and Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. The results of statistical analysis showed no significant difference between martial adjustment and tolerance levels of married individuals. Tolerance level of married individuals depends on gender; martial adjustment level of married individuals was different accounting for education level of individuals and their spouses, perceived happiness levels, and the living area variables. There was no significant difference between age, duration of marriage, and perceived socio-economic level and marital adjustment and tolerance levels. The findings of the research were interpreted based on literature and suggestions were made for future studies.

 marriage, marital adjustment, marital satisfaction, tolerance, marital duration.

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16.Çelik, E. (2009). Evli öğretmenlerin bağlanma stili, denetim odağı ve bazı nitelikleri açısından evlilik uyum düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Anadolu Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Eskişehir. [in Turkish]. 
17.Demiray, Ö. (2006). Evlilikte uyumun demografik özelliklere göre incelenmesi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Dicle Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Diyarbakır. [in Turkish]. 
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