(2016) Science and education, 2-3, 134-138. Odessa.

Hanna Lebedynska,
PhD (Candidate of in Political Sciences), associate professor,
Department of Psychology, Philosophy and Pedagogy,
Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University,
20, Pershotravneva Str., Kremenchuk, Ukraine 

NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS AS A PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTOR OF SUCCESSFUL MODERNIZATION OF UKRAINE 

 The article deals with the social and psychological factors of the political nation formation under the conditions of globalization and its influence on the state functioning. There has been defined the main functional value of the national idea aimed at the achievement of unity and consolidation of the political nation to get over the new challenges.

 national consciousness, political nation, national idea, national state, ethno-identity.

 1. Boryshevskyi, M. Y. (2003). Natsionalna samosvidomist ta identyfikatsiia hromadian yak chynnyk demokratychnykh peretvoren v ukrainskomu suspilstvi. [National consciousness and authentication of citizens as a factor of democratic transformations in the Ukrainian society]. Kyiv: Ukrainskyi tsentr politychnoho menedzhmentu. [in Ukrainian].
2. Holovatyi, M. F. (2006). Politychna psykholohiia: pidruchnyk [Political psychology : textbook]. Kyiv : MAUP [in Ukrainian].
3. Karlova, V. V. (2013). Natsionalna samosvidomist yak dukhovna osnova derzhavotvorchykh protsesiv v Ukraini: upravlinskyi aspekt [National consciousness as spiritual basis of state creative processes in Ukraine]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
4. Kresina, I. (1998). Ukrainska natsionalna svidomist i suchasni politychni protsesy (Etnopolitolohichnyi analiz): monohrafiia [Ukrainian national consciousness and modern political processes: monograph]. Kyiv: Vyshcha shkola [in Ukrainian].
5. Kuts, O. M., Madin, M. P. (2009). Etnonatsionalna svidomist u derzhavotvorchykh protsesakh: monohrafiia [Etnonacionalna consciousness in state creative processes: monograph]. Kharkiv: PPV «Novoe slovo» [in Ukrainian].
6. Renan, E. (2000). Shcho take natsiia? [What is a nation?]. Natsionalizm: antolohiia- Nationalism: anthology. Protsenko, O., Lisovyi, V. (Eds.). Kyiv: Smoloskyp [in Ukrainian].
7. Tkhorzhevskyi, D. O. (2000). Natsionalna samosvidomist yak zahalnoliudska tsinnist [National consciousness as common human value]. Kyiv: Nauk.-metod. tsentr vyshchoi osvity [in Ukrainian].
8. Ukraintsi khochut natsionalnu ideiu [The Ukrainians wants a national idea]. Retrieved from: http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2011/06/16/6301967/ [in Ukrainian].

(2016) Science and education, 2-3, 138-144. Odessa.

Olha Litvinova,
PhD (Candidate of Psychological Sciences), associate professor,
Department of Psychology, Pedagogy and Philosophy
Daryna Kolomoichuk,
4th-year student, Faculty of Psychology,
Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University,
20, Pershotravneva Str., Kremenchuk, Ukraine 

PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF BEHAVIOUR STRATEGIES IN INTERGENERATIONAL FAMILY CONFLICTS  

 One of the urgent issues of the modern society is a problem of the relations between people of different generations in a family. In case of total social instability the family becomes an institution where a person finds psychological resources for survival and emotional support. However, family relations may be destructive, which is caused by age, gender characteristics of conflict participants, the discrepancy of value orientations, peculiarities of life experiences of different generations. In modern literature, the issue of intergenerational relations is based on two approaches. In the first case, authors justify the idea of a global gap between generations, which is constantly getting worse. From another point of view, periods of conflict between the older and younger generations are replaced by a period of continuity. Intergenerational family conflicts may be also caused by the gap between the value orientations of children and parents, which is considered as the deformation of interpersonal communication and violation of the mechanisms of understanding; as the complexity of emotional separation of children; as a result of education; as the lack of clear psychologi-cal distance between the generations; as the inadequate self-esteem of family members on the basis of a negative personal experience. A consequence of intergenerational family conflicts may be a gap of kinship, the state of tension, emotional disorders, physical violence, and even family fragmentation. The carried out pilot study of the psychological peculiarities of behavioural strategies in intergenerational family conflicts has shown some differences in the behaviour of the older generation in conflict situations with their children and grandchildren. In case of a conflict situation with children the older generation representatives prefer compromise as a style of behaviour, which provides interaction, communication and a possibility of making concessions. In the conflict with their grandchildren, grandparents often choose the adjustment and avoidance, they do not want to harm the relations, and prefer following the views of the younger generation. These researches require further clarification, finding the social and psychological factors that can influence the behaviour of the older generation in conflict situations. These factors include living conditions, financial status, motives of behaviour, gender of a grandchild and a grandparent, agnation or cognation peculiarities, etc.

  family, generation, conflict, interaction between generations, compromise, avoidance.

 1. Berezhnaya, M. S. (2011). Psikhologicheskoe konsultirovanie po problemam mezhpokolencheskogo obshcheniya v semie [Psychological counseling on the issues of intergenerational communication in a family]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Moscow: Znanie [in Russian].
2. Vdovina, M. V. (2006). Spetsifika mezhpokolennykh konfliktov v semie [The specificity of the intergenerational conflict in the family]. Demograficheskie issledovaniya – Demographic researches. Moscow: Sotsialno-tekhnologicheskiy institut MGSU [in Russian].
3. Glotov, M. B. (2004). Konflikt mezhdu pokoleniyami [The conflict between generations]. Sotsiologicheskaya ehntsiklopediya – Sociological encyclopedia. (pp. 42-48). Moscow: AST [in Russian].
4. Zhukova, S. A. (2000). Tekhnologiya mezhpokolennyh kommunikatsiy [Technology of intergenerational communications]. Proceedings of the Interregional Conference Mezhdunarodnyy God Pozhilykh Lyudey: sotsialnye isklyucheniya po polu i vozrastu – The international Year of Older Persons: social exclusion by gender and age. Saratov: Izd. dom «Parokhod» [in Russian].
5. Malkina-Pyh, I. G. (2008). Psikhosomatika. Spravochnik prakticheskogo psikhologa [Psychosomatics. A Handbook of a practical psychologist]. Moscow: EHksmo [in Russian].
6. Miklyaeva, A. V. (2008). Sotsalnaya identichnost lichnosti: soderzhanie, struktura, mekhanizmy formirovaniya: monografiya [Social identity: content, structure, mechanisms of formation: monograph]. Saint Petersburg: Izd-vo RGPU im. A. I. Gertsena [in Russian].
7. Povalіy, L. V. (2005). Suchasnі tendentsіi vykhovannia molodoho pokolіnnia na ukrainskykh natsіonalnykh traditsіyakh [Modern trends in the education of the younger generation of Ukrainian national traditions]. Maksimenko, S. D. (Eds). Materialy metodol. seminary APN Ukrainy: Teoretiko-metodologіchnі problemy rozvytku osobystostі v systemі neperervnoi osvіty – Proceedings of the methodological seminar, the APS of Ukraine from ‘2004: Theoretical and methodological problems of personality development in the system of continuous education. Kyiv: Іnstitut psihologіi іm. G. S. Kostyuka APN Ukrainy [in Ukrainian].
8. Sadovskiy, M. G. (1996). O strukture otnosheniy mezhdu pokoleniyami v semie [On the structure of relations between the generations in a family]. Preemstvennost pokoleniy: dialog kultur – The continuity of generations: the dialogue of cultures. Saint Petersburg: Izd-vo S.-Peterb. un-ta [in Russian].
9. Smirnova, T. V. (2008). Pozhilye lyudi: stereotipnyy obraz i sotsialnaya distantsiya [Older people: stereotypic image and social distance]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya – Sociological researches. Saints Petersburg: «Izdatelstvo SOYUZ» [in Russian].
10. Feuer, L. S. (1969). The Conflict of Generations. The Character and Significance of Student Movement. New York [in English].

(2016) Science and education, 2-3, 144-149. Odessa.

Liudmyla Mahdysiuk,
lecturer, Department of Applied Psychology, Health and Safety,
Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University,
9, Potapova Str., Lutsk, Ukraine

EXAMINATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS FOR RETIREMENT OF MIDDLE AGED PEOPLE 

 Retirement affects physical and psychic health of a person, who is going through the great changes of social status, feeling professional isolation, which causes the necessity of adjusting to the new life conditions. Human life is considered to be the adjustment to the environment from the very beginning and to the very end. Psychological adjustment is effected by the means of adaptation of a person to the present social demands in the process of matching individual values and social standards. The review of domestic studies of the phenomenon of psychological readiness of a person for the retirement highlights the lack of favourable and valid methodological instruments. It stands to mention that psychological readiness for the retirement is characterized by the high level of the strength of inhibitory processes, motility of the nervous processes, adaptability, sociability, conservatism and anxiety. Considering the tasks of studying the issue of psychological readiness of a person for the retirement and the results of the theoretical and empirical researches, the method of semi-structured interview for a psycholinguistic study of the problem has been chosen. The semi-structured interview has some advantages, and compared with a questionnaire, it increases the measuring accuracy because face-to-face communication of a psychologist and surveyed during the interview makes conditions for starting mutual confidence, safety and emotional acceptance. The purpose of the semistructural interview is to afford ground for speaking about one’s life and family without restraint, especially about parents, education, family life, work, as well as express one’s opinion about one’s experience of reaching the retirement age, and determine what bothers one during this period of time. In the course of interviewing the respondents have been asked to tell about their professional experience which includes education, career, advanced professional training, and the way their life has changed with the approaching to the retirement age, and whether their life has changed on the whole. To achieve the objectives, there have been chosen the method of focus-groups, which can be laconically described as group semi-structured interview having a format of group discussion sessions during which the participants are focused on the issues on the researchers’ interest to acquire subjective information from the surveyed. The performance method is organized according to the stated procedure of focus-questioning

 semi-structured interview, psychological readiness, group interview, middle age, focus-group, examination.

 1. Bodalev, A. A. (1993). O predmete akmeologii [On the subject of acmeology]. Psykhologicheskiy zhurnal – Psychological journal. (Vols. 4). [in Ukrainian].
2. Burlachuk, L. F. (2003). Psykhodiagnostika: uchebnik dlya vuzov [Psychodiagnostics: a textbook for higher educational institutions]. Saint Petersburg: Piter [in Ukrainian].
3. Burlachuk, L. F. (2004). Slovar-spravochnik po psykhodiagnostike [Dictionary of psychodiagnostics]. Saint Petersburg: Piter [in Ukrainian].
4. Maghdysjuk, L. I. (2015). Rozrobka ta aprobatsiia avtorskoi metodyky doslidzhennia psykholohichnoi hotovnosti do vykhodu na pensiiu [Development and approbation of proprietary technology of investigating psychological readiness for retirement]. Teoretychni i prykladni problemy psykholohii : zb. nauk. pr –Theoretical and applied issues of psychology: collection of scientific works, 3(38), 248-256. Zavatska, N. Ye. (Ed). Sievierodonetsk [in Ukrainian].

(2016) Science and education, 2-3, 149-155. Odessa.

Nadiia Myshko,
assistant of the Department of Psychology,
Poltava V.G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University
2, Ostrohradskoho Str., Poltava, Ukraine 

STUDY OF FUTURE PSYCHOLOGISTS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES IN THE PROCESS OF OBTAINING SECOND UNIVERSITY DEGREE 

 The relevance of this study is determined by the specificity of socio-economic and political changes taking place in Ukraine. In this regard, the profession of psychologist is getting more popular and required. Therefore, the requirements for the professional skills of a psychologist are growing, resulting in the increase of educational establishments training specialists in this field. Apart from the usual full-time and distance learning, nowadays there is a possibility of obtaining a second university degree in Psychology, which differs from usual one by the number of class hours. Psychological education becomes accessible to many people, but in spite of this, there are rather few young professionals, who are trying to find a job in this field. There have been reviewed the essential features of psychological categories of “psychological readiness” and “the psychological readiness for professional activities”. The basic researches, dealing with different aspects and the structural elements of the phenomenon of the psychological readiness for professional activities have been considered. In order to determine the level of future psychologists’ psychological readiness for professional activities there has been carried out the experiment involving 60 respondents, obtaining second university degree in Psychology. The questionnaire by L. Kabardova based on the principle of self-assessment of one’s skills and abilities, as well as one’s real emotional attitude towards the future occupation was used as a methodological tool in the experiment. The results of the study showing the decline of indicators of psychological readiness for professional activities in the sphere of “Man-Man” occupations (such as a profession of psychologist) by the end of the training have been discussed. It has been revealed that in the process of studying the index of the assessment of one’s skills accomplishment is greatly growing, but the emotional attitude towards future work decreases from positive to neutral or even negative. Besides, there is a decline of the assessment of one’s desire to make this job of the top professional priority. This indicates the unformed psychological readiness for professional activities of future psychologists, obtaining the second university degree.

 psychological readiness, the structure of professional readiness, future psychologist, a second university degree.

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3. Diachenko, M. Y., & Kandybovich, L. A. (1976). Psikhologicheskie problemy gotovnosti k deyatelnosti [Psychological problems of readiness for activities]. Minsk: Izdatelstvo BGU. [in Russian].
4. Klimov, E. A. (1996). Psikhologiya professionalnogo samoopredeleniya. [Psychology of professional selfdetermination]. Rostov-na-Donu [in Russian].
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8. Levchenko, M. V. (1976). Psikhologicheskie sposobnosti gotovnosti abiturientov k ucheniyu v pedagogicheskom vuze [Psychological readiness of students for studying at pedagogical higher educational institution]. Extended abstract of the candidate’sthesis. Kiev. [in Russian].
9. Sannikova, O. P. (2006). Psikhologicheskie kontury lichnosti: forma i soderzhanie [Psychological constructs of a personality: the form and content]. Aktualnі problemy sotsіalnoi psykholohii ta pedahohіky: materіaly Vseukr. nauk.-prakt. konf. «Tendentsii rozvytku psykholohii v Ukrainі: іstorіia ta suchasnіst». – Current problems of social psychology and pedagogy: Рroceedings of Ukrainian scientific and practical conference “Trends in psychology in Ukraine: History and Modernity” (рр. 105-115). Кyiv: Libіd [in Russian].
10. Sedih, K. V. (2008). Psyholohiia vzaiemodii system: «Sіmia ta osvіtnі іnstytutsii» [Psychology of interaction: “The family and educational institutions”]. Poltava: Dovkіllua-K [in Ukrainan].